The Alexkor Device

Excelsior

The Alexkor Device « on: 2023-05-31, 00:02:44 »

Full Member

Posts: 246
Be the change you wish to see in the world

(I did search for a pre existing thread on this - doesn't seem to be one on OUR)

Here's a very simple, very practical joule - thief type - circuit that basically anyone should be able to build.

Images are of the circuit producing 65.8v, powering an 18W 230v AC - LED baton from a 4v 18650 cell and lighting my bench.
Current draw is 0.4A according to the clamp meter. (Does 220v from 12v 7ah vrla) Frequency about 57khz

https://www.overunityresearch.com/index.php?topic=604.0
I recommend anyone replicating this also builds the above O/U tester alongside it for the most interesting results.

Hope this makes a good first project for a newcomer / an interesting tinker for more knowledgeable members.

I have yet to build the OU tester unit but will update this thread with results when I get around to it.
If others have attempted this device or something similarly simple please feel free to share it here

EDIT: 6+ hours running, bjt stayed below 60c the whole time, still over 50% SoC on the cell. Quite practical for what it is.

------------------------

Alexkor SCJT.pdf (215.12 kB - downloaded 231 times.)

The Alexkor Device

20230530_214221.jpg (735.26 kB, 4032x3024 - viewed 986 times.)

« Last Edit: 2024-09-03, 20:36:16 by Excelsior »

worldcup

Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #1 on: 2023-06-17, 14:51:19 »

Newbie

Posts: 15

Genius.

any further update on this ?

Regards

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #2 on: 2023-06-18, 12:49:58 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Thanks - I plan to build the "more advanced version" soon and run it on 48v This should make any possible gain more apparent, and the OU test more likely to succeed. Have been very busy with Skinners' device and fulfilling its requirements, this one is on the "backburner" for a bit until I build the tester circuit. I'm pretty convinced that a number of approaches can provide overunity This is just one of them. But it'd be a very discreet device when / if looped Would be good to see what results others discover with theirs. « Last Edit: 2023-06-18, 15:46:17 by Excelsior »

worldcup	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #3 on: 2023-06-19, 04:49:58 »
Newbie Posts: 15	Quote from: Excelsior on 2023-06-18, 12:49:58 Thanks - I plan to build the "more advanced version" soon and run it on 48v This should make any possible gain more apparent, and the OU test more likely to succeed. Have been very busy with Skinners' device and fulfilling its requirements, this one is on the "backburner" for a bit until I build the tester circuit. I'm pretty convinced that a number of approaches can provide overunity This is just one of them. But it'd be a very discreet device when / if looped Would be good to see what results others discover with theirs. Very interesting and inspiring update. Wish you luck for looping the device Keep everyone updated, thank you. Regards

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #4 on: 2023-06-19, 11:29:13 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Likewise! Appreciate the positivity.

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #5 on: 2023-06-20, 01:03:14 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Quick update as requested: Set it up with 24v input from boost converter, and 5x 15w LED strips as load, without the neon (the "more advanced version") then switched it on with load attached. Used a 2K 1/4w resistor on the base of the 2SC3552 and 3x ceramic caps with values of 2.2nf, 470pf, and 30pf (in parallel) Ran it with a DMM attached to read voltage on output and it blinked as 1700v very briefly before maxing the meter out and the resistor burst into flames Laughed it off and rebuilt it, then ran it with the LED load attached instead. After about a minute of running the LEDs (very brightly) at 50w, the base resistor starting smoking so I unplugged it and am now considering using a 1/2w resistor for the base - although this will decrease the circuits' efficiency and should not be required to fully saturate the gate anyway.. If anyone can suggest a solution I am "all ears" Currently planning to put the neon back in there as they "run on plasma" according to G. Morin so shouldn't drop efficiency noticeably, but should prevent the base resistor burning up again, hopefully. That sht smells so bad* Is it acceptable to use 3 ceramic caps with values of 2.2nf, 470pf, and 30pf to get the 2700pf? Or would it be better to use a single capacitor with this value?

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #6 on: 2023-06-20, 01:16:17 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Some advice from a more experienced member would be much appreciated and would help elucidate the claims PJK (Edward Smith) made about this device

worldcup	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #7 on: 2023-06-20, 06:09:25 »
Newbie Posts: 15	Quote from: Excelsior on 2023-06-20, 01:16:17 Some advice from a more experienced member would be much appreciated and would help elucidate the claims PJK (Edward Smith) made about this device Congratulation with progress Totally agreed, expertise advice is a must now. Regards

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #8 on: 2023-06-21, 02:07:35 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Quite willing to accept that I am not primarily skilled in electronics design .. Got it working nonetheless! Would very much like to see a "tech priest" kindly show up and explain the basics for us here. This design is probably akin to childs' play for some of the more experienced members here working on the TPU etc Being a basic radiant oscillator - however it uses similar base principles as the more advanced HV designs, but is much more approachable for an electronics noob such as myself With a clearer understanding, this circuit could be the base for many interesting experiments Or get someone "into" all of this stuff after seeing what it can do that few off the shelf designs can. Strength in numbers! Patrick seemed very adamant about the claims he made in the PDF above.

gyula

Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #9 on: 2023-06-22, 23:04:14 »

Group: Tech Wizard
Hero Member

Posts: 1250

Hi Excelsior,

I attempt to answer some of your questions (I did not build this circuit but I had built a few Joule thiefs).
The 2SC3552 transistor has a low DC current gain (h_FE) specification of 10 to 40 (data sheet https://datasheetspdf.com/pdf-file/71473/SanyoSemiconDevice/2SC3552/1 )
This explains why the 2 kOhm base resistor dissipates so much (too high base current to get a certain collector current), especially at supply voltages of 24 V or higher.
You could use more modern transistors manufactured for switching with better specs like BUL742C or BUJ302A types having at least 3x to 6x higher h_FE values so the needed base
current would be reduced accordingly for a comparable collector current, and so would base resistor dissipation reduce too. Note that at 36-48 V supply voltage the base resistor
value should also be increased to further reduce the unneededly increasing base current. (See the tabulated V and R values in Page 7 of the Alexkor SCJT PDF file but with
the above suggested transistors the resistor values indicated there should be multiplied at least by 3 to 6 times too. A 47 k potmeter with a 4.7 k resistor in series wih it
would be good to vary the operational point.)

https://eu.mouser.com/ProductDetail/STMicroelectronics/BUL742C?qs=xv3lWMc77RdedjGCcF38wQ%3D%3D
https://eu.mouser.com/ProductDetail/WeEn-Semiconductors/BUJ302A127?qs=A1cBxND5mHJVBbrIV28RLQ%3D%3D

Another solution would be to use a power MOSFET instead of the bipolar transistor but test circuits should be built to explore this route. Switching losses can be smaller for MOSFETs.

IMHO, no real need for using 3 ceramic capacitors in parallel, a single 2.2 nF or 2.7 nF or similar capacitor value would do (in fact here tests with cap values to find the best value are needed too).

Would like to draw your attention to another battery charger circuit introduced by Rene at another forum.
http://www.energeticforum.com/forum/energetic-forum-discussion/renewable-energy/10801-re-emf-charger-joule-thief

It is also a Joule thief circuit variant and the twist was he connected the charging battery in line with the positive input supply rail so it got charge during the ON time of the switching transistor besides the OFF time.
Several people replicated his circuit and found his claims correct. i.e. rejuvenate / recharge batteries with higher efficiency than other chargers (extra output is not claimed).
If you have questions, I will attempt to answer them.

Gyula

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #10 on: 2023-06-22, 23:34:09 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Gyula - Thankyou I will closely consider your suggestions

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #11 on: 2023-06-23, 00:45:33 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Here's a list of potentially "good" devices for switching in this manner. I compiled the list as a selection to compare for use with the "SATG" Seeing as 24v can create 1700+ V , a high voltage rated device should be used in the place of the 2SC3552 Which can sustain max 800v (Have yet to test the unit used in the previous experiment) Not sure why Patrick suggested to use up to 48v with the 2SC3552 .. That'd be several thousands of volts in flyback and would fry anything, surely? Perhaps he added that detail without having done any experimentation at those higher voltages? Or it could be that constant connection to charging batteries was intended to avoid HV buildup on the drain? Have been trying to determine the hFe of the FETs below but it's not quite as simple as with NPN / PNP etc iinm? MOSFETs are "voltage driven devices" whatever that means?? (Current is still associated at the gate, no??) I'll stick to 18v input with this circuit for now as if any OU is present then the tester circuit should show it. - https://www.mouser.co.uk/ProductDetail/Littelfuse/LSIC1MO120E0080?qs=1mbolxNpo8cJTFzfYARWUw%3D%3D - https://datasheet.lcsc.com/lcsc/2207062230_MASPOWER-MS12N120HGC0_C3825160.pdf - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/114097565128?hash=item1a90beadc8:g:3JwAAOSwNyFWeetC&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAAoG4UGGnYuYQDliQz1aMt9cuDzUMGRNQgYdttneCyW31KIX1ncDo1Z4FIAo04cm2r2pgjt2sGGFq98eVg1peO52mmbjB1zLZruircKdULWE8jsH3NQxMf0h4Of8aPqam3o%2B3QGotCG33muIs6HS2S6d4cDgQGaFHhqhfMVAdHssZ1OD5Y%2FYGVnWVZvC2Z19Pyf0CobBmLBSs7aqCt175x9Do%3D%7Ctkp%3ABk9SR8LQ3qnTYQ - https://www.mouser.co.uk/ProductDetail/SemiQ/GP2T040A120U?qs=By6Nw2ByBD1xeOHp7TF2cA%3D%3D - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/133930910807?hash=item1f2ee78457:g:trgAAOSw~cVhjHmu&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAA4H9cEUPO5Z4YBjnqNhYzEKZtXFESBv2EsccbKuZo8MAbMYYBtcfElvJ8Y5yo7uSDGef%2BZVJic9GEVIWtOb%2B1UKEblvdLjKUfd%2B1j4b6xDU1SBXupIh0Pj5hiFrdfEm6rdms3r9OwMTzrXw0wHL5jmFYoncyZsuKVRSSSkoualX5F2O1qm8pAKPu81T4cSmlSuJNHhWYIx8O6qUMuxpzjhIg7zy4vDxtRpMJFIvFNxMfni3QVvNGIUEiP9R8HA8OjdmjUGWlazS1tBQxSJ7xqgXtcWvBBTs7K3wLPy2Frw2T1%7Ctkp%3ABk9SR6iuj_ebYQ - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/403312048976?epid=1693683580&hash=item5de7457b50:g:YG4AAOSwfVRhnAu5&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAAoDbW40wR5h13B%2FZFnO8ru8icX5pBWaEeG6kmxhRCCESh2C6hMO0vKutKmWk41i1HecGbXAseRfxp0m%2B6O67FLl0ckV%2FUpNLXjZH03tmxsHM18PogEvufECMq9zG9IIr9JB6%2BBCI%2F5dXKGcsIx5C18s9%2F3xlS8tsQrfY5u2kbeWOZGB7wYWx8xBDmg%2B6xaHYwsaJVjIOyOH%2BDYguwkhStXeo%3D%7Ctkp%3ABk9SR6auj_ebYQ - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/223944191583?hash=item34241d2e5f:g:pwUAAOSw8j9eZkFm&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAAoLDrcqc30PiRiGPyZXUqmA0fV%2B3bjNdsoOGiGc4eNtMJBjVjhbVujMSXGI9jkHWdqGXr3tNnY2j%2BHhPfhfH2mZ0QynUgeQZODM044GIZ9GhTrtgrNIVx%2BExn8OcUb1EY14gWtoDDf0Jk4aEOwHVzODd5zvV5iNKV9J%2BmfWb6j8VKqNSidMZgLKcbgn62ZSB7KATXYosHoyJ4AM2D4Ih1YQk%3D%7Ctkp%3ABk9SR4Kmnq2dYQ - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/192855009909?hash=item2ce70dea75:g:Nh4AAOSwYrRhEExS&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAA4DcWwWvzV1zDC5JmG0UKhAtIYLXNlo4yKVymF3Sps%2B58Ln6jD%2BJ3Crg0aMAPOdYlnc8ZYt60zeSZzYhFVJK1azXr3XNTHloSWdta%2BsisT3gjO1zvSgViM36JepDH7rvxTnVgl5j7bNm2aIdQDs53Lx0F5nVfLwKatd%2FTDqJDC8HAiyJE8P%2Fl52jtoI7%2Bj%2BSb3nRQnZHPF4y58kneFUSq%2FEjhWF5fAQFej%2BXvFAxZiTRwKiZrLo45fN9P3qJOd9w4Y38RfyqxHJnAcIyijwGBks6Us9NNmTSylDNWUkXnZbS9%7Ctkp%3ABk9SR6b6lK2dYQ - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/180873684730?hash=item2a1ce966fa:g:Ro4AAOxybqpRijni&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAA4Oqvf73EZGQCB3N7KCoQh9J67SV8wyP8k4EXRi8Vb2Xlp5Bju61JSW9TScuHEqcyZhhoRP3Fn%2BGDXOL33ixyROSBuhbdkMzFQ7oKCtKk0s%2FP4WRi2pPxtf2xAbaV0JgThxkCHgTRXWa3yC1tRVmT1vij8XSxkV3TioZkdTHblZ3mVgdVuwXpJD%2FYmu9QYWbCr%2FaLBkKScTZpbcAHoI9G%2FYkFod0Ix%2BbWLopvdX6cYkKE9VobnngyvCU%2F%2B8y4p6jakbDTG3xncxf06kB3Bp2LxEktkHCtnStyNriaSNSPum%2FQ%7Ctkp%3ABFBMovqUrZ1h - https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/180807632983?hash=item2a18f98857:g:l3oAAOSwFJBZUoRK&amdata=enc%3AAQAHAAAA4PKmbjzdx%2Frhf4zTt%2BepQpr2QadngJYoH78lzdvMc%2BAGTmTBXB5iRaWArZa7SaqLBNSADwsDp7uU8ElX38DWPKOQjp2u4QE4bwzgMJpeMKDvYxfr9pyieIA6uYZb%2BMmNLXoXD6Xvc0YiXFJJYFxIo9S%2FKPykc3r6OiO3gTzq1BA8zS9LQRQc6akHk%2BN5dF0j6H0JCJeODFa3lNU0VhSi2BoYNmJMNfOWdQBQmMbGm31WHRLxsBoAMDEA9C8%2F%2BmIlCDIx9JwrlDTmMST25Vf7Zv59V%2FVGhdigW9ozpn4P2RMg%7Ctkp%3ABk9SR8TQ3qnTYQ Would any of those be ideal for this?

lfarrand

Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #12 on: 2023-06-23, 10:46:23 »

Sr. Member

Posts: 280

Don't bother with anything other than the 2000V Infineon IMYH200R series. They are the best SiC MOSFETs on the market right now and are reasonably priced.

MOSFETs are activated in a different way to NPN/PNP transistors.

Quote

MOSFETs are voltage-controlled. So, you can just charge their Gate once and now you have no more current draw, and they stay on. BJT transistors, on the other hand, are current-controlled, so to keep them on you have to keep sourcing (for NPN) or sinking (for PNP) current through their Base to Emitter channel.

You need to charge the gate, which has an inherent capacitance. When the gate is charged the drain and source are connected together. The rise and fall times are determined fundamentally by how quick you charge and discharge the gate capacitance. You have source (charge) & sink (discharge) resistors in series with the gate. If these are low resistance (1,2,3 ohm etc.) then the gate can be charged and discharged quickly. You will want to choose resistor values so that the current being sourced and sunk is within the safe operating limits of the gate driver (if you use one). If the resistors are too low value then you might run into the problem of ringing when the MOSFET switches. If this is a problem then you increase the value of the resistors accordingly.

I would advise you to use a good gate driver capable of sourcing and sinking lots of current. I use the Infineon 1ED3124MU12H which is capable of sourcing & sinking up to 14A.

If you're going to use an isolated gate driver such as the Infineon 1ED3124MU12H in combination with a SiC MOSFET, then you will also need to supply +20V/-5V to turn the MOSFET on/off. This can be achieved by using an isolated DC/DC converter such as the Recom R12P22005D.

I've designed my own SiC MOSFET driver PCB that I've detailed in this post and have provided the Gerber files etc.

forest

Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #13 on: 2023-06-23, 14:26:17 »

Sr. Member

Posts: 479

How fast you can switch those mosfets ?I need something to switch Tesla coil at 5Mhz

lfarrand	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #14 on: 2023-06-23, 15:07:35 »
Sr. Member Posts: 280	Quote from: forest on 2023-06-23, 14:26:17 How fast you can switch those mosfets ?I need something to switch Tesla coil at 5Mhz The data sheet for the gate driver says up to 1MHz. Anything beyond that is out of spec and not officially supported. That said, I have switched them at 5MHz and that worked alright. You could also forego the gate driver and design your own gate drive circuit to support switching at faster speeds. The main limiting factor is how fast you can charge and discharge the gate capacitance.

gyula	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #15 on: 2023-06-23, 16:53:30 »
Group: Tech Wizard Hero Member Posts: 1250	Hi Excelsior, In your quick update above you wrote: "Set it up with 24v input from boost converter, and 5x 15w LED strips as load, without the neon (the "more advanced version") then switched it on with load attached." Please tell how many volts a single 15W LED strip needs to work to have normal brightness? You also wrote: "Ran it with a DMM attached to read voltage on output and it blinked as 1700v very briefly before maxing the meter out and the resistor burst into flames" Did you mean that first you were curious to know the voltage level of the flyback (kick back) pulse without using any load? If yes, then did the MOSFET remain intact? meaning the same MOSFET worked after the unloaded voltage test and even during the next tests when the 2 kOhm resistor started smoking? Is the MOSFET still ok? I will continue after your kind reply. Gyula

forest	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #16 on: 2023-06-23, 17:07:05 »
Sr. Member Posts: 479	Tried with UCC27322 and burned it $:-\$ Seems there is no easy way to power Tesla coil with full wave frequency square wave. Back to the Katcher :-(

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #17 on: 2023-06-23, 21:44:58 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	@Gyula - The "strips" are taken from trashed 36w LED panels (got loads, free, for testing HV outputs) Require about 20v (original smps drivers supply 41.6v) RE the DMM - it's an old one I'm not so worried about frying and has survived everything so far lol Still reads fine on most settings. Not sure if the transistor burned up in previous Alexkor config .. been busy elsehow not had chance to reconfigure it. I should imagine it's still OK - I have yet to "release the magic smoke" from a transistor in my experiments so far They seem to deal with "radiant electricity" fairly well considering the "abruptness of discharge" is so destructive. Still trying to find the best use for it, as LED/CFL driver, or as speed charger for a spare 55ah SLA I have lying around. Then use it as a power bank (build a nice portable enclosure etc) and stick a solar panel on top as PM for the flyback. Or something else entirely - it should be built according to use case scenario IMO hence the pause in progress.. Currently I think I want to construct it as simply and neatly as possible, with all emphasis on the loop to drive battery. Load is irrelevant and the most important takeaway is "is it overunity" and if it self powers for even a few seconds then this is a good start IMO (Edisons' trial and error is often the only truly effective way, it seems.. Despite the conciseness of Teslas' style of purported deliberation.) It's unusual seeing a 4v battery run a mains LED baton but it's explainable by standard models. However the possibility of HV transients or similar phenomenons "drawing in extra power" is yet to be disproved. I plan to update the SATG thread soon as I am rebuilding it using an LFE cell as PM and an L2 as "choke" to direct pulses Unless I am mistaken, member ions' blocking oscillator circuit is sorely underexplored Has anyone ever shared a demonstration of the approach in mention, confirming OU in a device? If so a reference to such here would be greatly appreciated @ lfarrand Those are beeests! And very expensive I'm a little way off from working with those ATM - budget is tight unfortunately Although they are certainly a tidy bit of equipment. Many thanks for the suggestions nonetheless. Would it be a good idea to use this type of resistor as base/gate control for this sort of fine-tuning ? https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/333271223025?hash=item4d98834af1:g:p4AAAOSwTm1dnTf5&amdata=enc%3AAQAIAAAA8CIr1xo46Gzbi8V5A3p5uQk7gLpHCozNDi914zWo6Vnm1bgRw4EWDkJr6Gtnjv53m80RKA4E%2FG1gwEkeVOQHv%2FWakS%2FQDgJTSarZe2Mlb9Mfp7ZyVu7tLQfYnK3iGO%2BXz6SA62woZdDtqFGvKjxOgA%2FmPkRo%2FAko8Sz2g6UKPBSbozzdkkn9gKRoolohbw2pw5vvKFy16PHZ4Qlzos39QdawvMD9PYyK2FQImszouUQ%2FYyCdockrP%2FQw9KGIWD2716Vh5PyXnEV2FOK3PynELaqjJBWIv1wyvHCkYuZ3d7lbgk9dA6q7n%2B7u%2FY%2BFxpNGiA%3D%3D%7Ctkp%3ABFBMlI7en51i Instead of fixed resistors - Could they allow for more precise and efficient switching ? IE read the individual devices' resistances between junctions and base the value off that accordingly Or is this totally unnecessary and overkill? Hard saturation may be required but over saturation is a waste, surely? « Last Edit: 2023-06-23, 23:25:48 by Excelsior »

gyula	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #18 on: 2023-06-24, 16:30:38 »
Group: Tech Wizard Hero Member Posts: 1250	Hi Excelsior, Thanks, so about 20 V for one LED strip and when you used 5 (I assume series connected) strips across the output as the load, the flyback spike across the coil was clamped to around 5x 20 = 100 V. In case you connected them all in parallel, then the output was clamped to around 20 V. With an oscilloscope these voltages can be measured. I asked and mention this because IMHO you could use cheap 500 V, 8 A, 0.85 Ohm rated power MOSFET like IRF840 in such circuits if you make sure a 'correct' load is always connected. On a correct load here I mean one which is able to load the amplitude of the spike below the breakdown voltage of the switching device. https://www.mouser.co.uk/ProductDetail/Vishay-Semiconductors/IRF840PBF?qs=%2FRKvNCQzLu0ekanW5Mdt%252Bw%3D%3D The Alexkor or the Rene circuits (I referred to) normally have the charged batteries as a load which automatically limit (clamp) the flyback spike amplitude to the charged battery voltage levels. The LED strips do such voltage clamping too. The point is if the flyback spikes are never allowed to increase to their unloaded peak value (which can be in the kV range), the switching device do not need to be strictly a HV type. (In case the supply voltage itself for the switch is HV, then the switch should also be a HV type.) Hence Patrick's suggestion on the 48 V supply for the 2SC3552 was ok because the 8 or 10 charged batteries present (in series connection) effectively clamped the HV spike to max 120-125 V. The increase of supply voltage to the switch increases input power, hence more juice is available in the spikes (from the collapsing field) to charge the higher number of batteries. So a load is strictly revelant to utilize (hence limit) the spikes... and pondering on "is it overunity" I think PJK's enthusiasm here has not been proved. Unless we mean the extended energy supply by the rejuvenated batteries due to their prolonged life time the process provides is considered, it is certainly a benefit. You wrote: "Unless I am mistaken, member ions' blocking oscillator circuit is sorely underexplored Has anyone ever shared a demonstration of the approach in mention, confirming OU in a device? If so a reference to such here would be greatly appreciated," No, nobody (to my knowledge) has managed to receive extra output from blocking oscillators. You asked earlier: "Have been trying to determine the hFe of the FETs below but it's not quite as simple as with NPN / PNP etc iinm?" As an addition to lfarrand's good comments on this, FETs are characterised by forward transconductance, labeled as g_fs or g_m, and measured in Siemens, Amper / Volt. g_fs = I_D / V_GS it is the ratio of the change in drain current to the change in the gate to source voltage. With bipolar transistors h_FE is the ratio of the change in base current to the change in the collector current. h_FE = I_C / I_B Gyula

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #19 on: 2023-06-24, 23:00:37 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Thanks Gyula Very helpful for those of us without the proper background / training required for this work. The strips were in parallel, wanted to try that first to see the difference vs series when powering using back EMF. (How best to calculate the required inductance for "L2"? Can it be copper pipe? or some 16mm² 7 core EGC? suggestions appreciated) RE the claims - agreed, I'm just putting the idea out there but there's always a chance someone might try something others have not and discover unexpected results. Wouldn't consider SLA Capacity gain "free" personally - but it's a nice perk provided radiant charging doesn't damage them as some claim (Heard mixed opinions on this - some say it's about the same amount of corrosion as forced current - others say it's far less - some people (Bedini & others included) claim / claimed that it is far superior method vs forced current charging and makes them last much longer and hold a higher voltage and more capacity after ~100 charge cycles. Without more extensive equipment and a deeper understanding I am pretty limited in what I can achieve with radiant circuits .. Working blind with no scope .. Boils down to "wow that's maxed the meter out" or "that light's very bright" for now . I can build ions circuit but I have no way to "read it" until I have a proper scope. EDIT ps. is this quote of relevance to loading the device / running it open circuit (as shouldn't be done) Could the impulse be considered "undamped" when the device is running open circuit? IE Would it be fair to say the LED load "damp(en)s" the impulse in this sense? Energy stored in the condenser and discharged in an inconceivably small interval of time. You could not produce that activity with an undamped wave. The damped wave is of advantage because it gives you, with a generator of 1 kilowatt, an activity of 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, or 5,000 kilowatts; whereas, if you have a continuous or undamped wave, 1 kilowatt gives you only wave energy at the rate of 1 kilowatt and nothing more. That is the reason why the system with a quenched gap has become popular. Would this be a good source for myself and others to grasp this concept: http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-damped-and-undamped-oscillations/ « Last Edit: 2024-09-03, 20:40:52 by Excelsior »

gyula	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #20 on: 2023-06-25, 21:31:14 »
Group: Tech Wizard Hero Member Posts: 1250	Hi Excelsior, You asked: "How best to calculate the required inductance for "L2"? Can it be copper pipe? or some 16mm2 7 core EGC? suggestions appreciated." Did you mean L2 labeled as in this schematic from Ion here: https://www.overunityresearch.com/index.php?topic=604.msg9547#msg9547 If no, then please clarify. If yes, then no any need for using copper pipe winding, would be an overkill. A simple toroidal choke coil like used in for instance switch mode PS's mains filter would do. But you would need an L meter to find at least 1 mH or higher inductance chokes among them or you could wind such for an empty toroidal core. Alternatively, these types would also be fine, choose 1 mH, and 4.7 mH values: https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/254388317104 and https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/264312207380 Another option is to use a single coil from a common mode filter for L2: https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/155226631170 Such coils can be scavenged from the power supplies of televisions, monitors, PC supplies etc. You wrote: "If extra energy can be "pumped" into a system then it's likely to be exponentially more available at higher voltages.. I suspect this is why lfarrand wants to take those 1.2kv switching devices up to 2Kv.. " Well, I do not know whether anything (I mean useful for extra output) happens at either 1 kV or 2 kV or say at higher voltage levels, sorry to say this. No proof so far... only claims. Regarding damped and undamped waves, I return to this tomorrow. Gyula

gyula	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #21 on: 2023-06-27, 22:11:17 »
Group: Tech Wizard Hero Member Posts: 1250	Excelsior, Re on damped and undamped waves The quote from Tesla you included (probably from this link https://www.pbs.org/tesla/res/res_art07.html ) IMHO has no relevance to loading the device / running it open circuit. Re this question: "Could the impulse be considered "undamped" when the device is running open circuit? IE Would it be fair to say the LED load "damp(en)s" the impulse in this sense?" First of all, English is my 2nd language and I can never be a 100 % sure I use the correct terminology in all cases... so far I hope I have been understandable... In the sense you asked the 1st question, the correct word IMHO would be "not attenuated" instead of "undamped" when there is no load at the output for the flyback (kick back) pulse. In your LED load example question, IMHO the LED lamps also attenuate the flyback (kick back) pulses. I know I have already used for this case the clamp or limit words and the reason was that a LED diode or a battery does not allow to develop higher voltage levels across themselves than their forward voltage spec (LEDs) or actual terminal voltage (batteries), this is the reason technically for my using the words of voltage clamping or limiting rather than attenuate. However, if we use say a resistor load instead of a LED or battery in this situation, then it attenuates the pulse because it is a linear component and the voltage level across it always depends on its current the pulse is able to drive through it (as per Ohm's law). The link you gave on the undamped and damp oscillation explanation is basically ok in itself but as I understand Tesla used the damped wave (damped oscillation) terminology for the case where he discharged a capacitor very suddenly (by a spark gap or by a circuit controller he built) so the damping of the HV in the capacitor took place very quickly and in an intermittent way: he charged up the cap with a HV generator, then he discharged it very rapidly, to utilize the stored energy or the power he put in. These parts of the conversation (from the above link) between the Counsel and Tesla are relevant: Counsel I understood a little while ago when you made the statement of using several thousand horsepower put into a condenser, you could take out of the condenser a million horsepower. I wondered if you got the same condition with this machine. Tesla Yes; I charged the condenser with 40,000 volts. When it was charged full, I discharged it suddenly, through a short circuit which gave me a very rapid rate of oscillation. Let us suppose that I had stored in the condenser 10 watts. Then, for such a wave there is a flux of energy of (4 x 10⁴)², and this is multiplied by the frequency of 100,000. You see, it may go into thousands or millions of horsepower. Counsel What I wanted to get at was, did that depend upon the suddenness of the discharge? Tesla Yes. It is merely the electrical analogue of a pile driver or a hammer. You accumulate energy through a long distance and then you deliver it with a tremendous suddenness. The distance through which the mass moves is small -- the pressure immense. Counsel Did you find that that was the best condition for transmitting energy without the use of wire? Tesla No, I did not use that method when I was transmitting energy. I used it only in the production of those freaks for which I have been called a magician. If I had used merely undamped waves, I would have been an ordinary electrician like everybody else. Taking Tesla example of charging up a cap to 40 kV and having 10 W power in it as he said, this 10 W can mean 10 Joule for instance if we discharge it in one second to get back the 10 W. We can reverse calculate the capacitor value from the 10 Joule stored energy and the 40 kV, it was 12.5 nF in his example. ( https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/capacitor-energy ) Now let's consider the discharge of the cap by the frequency of 100,000 as he said, this means 100 kHz, the reciprocal of which is 10 us. So he discharged the 12,5 nF capacitor from 40 kV in 10 us and this way the 10 W input power to the cap got multiplied by 100,000 so he got peak power of 1 million Watts for 10 us. Gyula

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #22 on: 2023-06-27, 23:19:30 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	Hi Gyula, Re. the choke yes I was referring to ions diagram. Thanks for clearing that up - Now wondering how to determine inductance for L1, and exactly why etc (I see it's to do with the L2 having its own backspike and acting as a high side diode to L1) .. will have to re read ions' post a few more times to make sense of it. At least I know not to use such a huge amount of copper now! Planning to order an LCR meter soon. He was certainly a genius, at least we can all agree on that? « Last Edit: 2024-09-03, 20:41:46 by Excelsior »

gyula	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #23 on: 2023-06-28, 15:03:42 »
Group: Tech Wizard Hero Member Posts: 1250	Hi Excelsior, Re. the choke again: not aware of formulas on calculating L2 in the sense you asked. The task of L2 is to block the flyback pulse going back to the transistor via D1, basically the higher L2 value you would use the better. If you know the inductance of primary coil L1 which is in the collector of Q1 with the D1 diode, then 2x or 3x as high inductance for L2 would suffice already. C1 constitutes a low-pass filter with L2 to help further attenuate the flyback spike, should some remains of it pass via L2 towards the transistor. I mention these as an addition to member ion's comments in his 1st post and also in the schematic text. You wrote: "The quote is interesting to me as it shows how he felt that he needed to "sweeten people up to the idea" Couldn't just show the tech itself and let them judge? It's as if he thought they needed to be told what to think" Well, I would not think so. In the 1880-90 era general knowledge on electricity was not widely known for the general public and Tesla's tests lead him discover new, till then unknown aspects of electricity and magnetism. Besides, he may have had fancy for entertaining... I did not want to imply that "he had misrepresented HV peak power for a gain". Power wise he surely had gain, I may have used bad terminology when considering some microsecond long effects, I invariably think of peak values. He did ponder on obtaining energy from nature, you can read some of his views in this respect in this paper here: https://teslasciencecenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/THE-PROBLEM-OF-INCREASING-HUMAN-ENERGY_Century_Magazine.pdf Yes, he was a genius and I did not mean a gain mechanism is entirely impossible. If someone finds a way to do more work for instance from the increased power obtainable from a capacitor discharge within a shorter time than what was needed to charge it up, then the dilemma is solved. Energy wise it is problematic... Gyula

Excelsior	Re: The Alexkor Device « Reply #24 on: 2023-06-28, 22:02:17 »
Full Member Posts: 246 Be the change you wish to see in the world	I cannot help but; given the preponderance of material I have witnessed supporting the notion, and the lack of palpable evidence against it; believe that it does happen and people keep it hush hush because of the money that could be made. In my perspective - that's shameful And a sore loss to not only the scientific world but Humanity as a species Meanwhile the rest of us are scrabbling around for answers Realizing the implications thereof Thankyou for helping me understand all of this a little better.