Arthur although it is possible to do without it. But it’s very difficult. because each transformer has its own characteristics of magnetization speed and hysteresis. you need to see the whole process at the same time without delays on all elements. voltage and current in the first loop and voltages and current in the second loop. then you can control the keys and adjust the phase shift. when to turn on and break the circuit Ah the old multi transformer device... My first working FE device was based on a similar principal using four or maybe it was six 10:1 step up transformers similar to the Hubbard device. One tell tale sign is the "W" or "M" shaped wave form you displayed in one of the video's you posted. That is, to switch or key(as you call it) for a small time period at the peak of the induced voltage. I also thought it was a phase shift relating to a change in the electromagnetic field and to be honest it took me a few years to figure out this was not the case. You may find that in fact the proximity of the transformers alters the effect more so than any effects relating to conduction. Here we need to be careful as to what we think were seeing on our DSO. In my case it was probably easier because I had little interest in conduction like most but more so field effects. As I said above, I need a 4-channel oscilloscope with galvanically isolated ones. then I can adjust the current and voltage in the two connected loops. In this respect I may be able to help and I had all the same issues I presume you are with common ground currents. I tried opto-isolators but that was futile because of the limited bandwidth/voltage tolerance then I tried isolation transformers which did no better. Here we need to think about the actual nature of the problem were trying to solve which is isolation or a measure separated from the system to be measured. Do you know how I solved the problem?, I invented electrometer and magnetometer arrays which do not rely on conduction more so the actual field property we want to measure. It sounds so simple after the fact doesn't it?, to actually measure the field property we want to measure directly. In effect were speaking about a new way of measuring things more in line with the concept of finding new ways of doing things. New information leads to new understanding and from this we can progress to new ideas unlike those in the past. In retrospect most of what I thought I knew was wrong and I really had no idea what I was doing or thinking in the past. I think this is how progress works and if we cannot prove our past thoughts wrong in some way then were not really learning anything new. Regards AC
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Comprehend and Copy Nature... Viktor Schauberger
“The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool.”― Richard P. Feynman
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