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Author Topic: Amazing ancient free energy source, Bill Mollison explains a Trompe  (Read 24077 times)
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Bravo prof ! It could be argued that 'big oil' embraced everything else . Just to emphasise the major points and how they fit together so others might see just how fragile . I suggest these few documenteries starting with 'big oil' take careful note that it starts with mediical quackery and ends with medical quackery. The control of what is, and may be taught at univercities and so by extension schools across the developed world is explained as is the rapid removal of 'sensative information' from libaries and books - just as described in the opening video posted by Peterae.
https://topdocumentaryfilms.com/big-oil-conquered-world/
As you see big oil quickly controls big Pharma (and still does) and the banks and big oil embrace each other, in a unholy alliance.
It remains to build the empire which I report as very fragile. Its very fragile because its built on straw. The worlds money standard 'the gold standard' was destroyed and replaced with a bottomless pit with no standards at all . Its described by that pillar of honesty and virtue Tricky Dicky as very technical - let me ask you. if I borrow your bike and then refuse to give it back,sell it for sweeties and welsh on any possible deal do you think thats very technical ?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRzr1QU6K1o
The next move however is the one thats created such danger for energy researchers . An empire built and controled with energy well described by one who was there doing it, John Perkins
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDPoZJNT1eM
well the table seems to have tilted yet again , The powers that be are well ahead of the curve.
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/rockefeller-family-is-exiting-the-oil-business/
https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-09-21/petrodollar-under-attack-heres-what-you-need-know
you get the picture ? it seems they can't hold the energy joke together for much longer,the puppet masters know it and have moved out to a stronger fortress.hence I say "fragile empire" so called 'free energy' - Its always been there,I suspect the cost will be very far from free as we get to use and engineer it. Kindest regards Duncan




---------------------------
How many more to be .threatened, abused murdered, Their research in the hands of evil corporations intent on total control ?
http://dnp.s3.amazonaws.com/b/b9/suppressed.pdf
whilst we know little .. friends remember,
In the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
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Peterae - I see a relationship here that may take a little while to explain. I'm going to have to describe what I see in my own lumbering way because I can see no way of explaining the relationship simply.
This one might well get me or loved ones hurt - I just hope not!
I have all night courtesy of a twisted sciatic nerve and much to say so I'll try and play the piper and hope people kind enough to read and consider what I write , can follow.
What you present here as 'The Trompe' I also see as a Kissing cousin of a machine developed by battle of Britain Spitfire pilot Peter Davey and which was introduced to the forums some decade or so ago.
Now I'm not really biased regarding any particular inventor, and it is the inventor I tend to study rather than the particular contraption. However in the case of Peter Davey I make an exception as you read this and understand what this man has done and how and why he did it I'm sure you'll agree he's a class act - a diamond from the last generation . let me remind of the short clip that did the rounds - then I'll do my very best to take this to pieces for you
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFlQ6z_qqoU

I'm sure you remember it, It was a frustrating enigma across many forums for months. Its actually      (believe it or not) the inverse of this trompe machine. I need to tell some of Peters story to relate how they connect so I crave some patience for something that at first doesn't seem to relate at all.
Peter was a volunteer pilot from New Zealand unlike British nationals who were conscripted the 'colonials' were formed into 'volunteer' squadrons.  The losses experienced by Peters city of Glasgow 602  squadron  which was seconded to the defense of London and the south east were high,very high.
It should be remembered that Britain was fighting entirely alone against the axis powers through this period. despite very heavy losses 602 squadron kept up a kill rate second to none


                Peters 602 squadron
 with a war time death rate of circa  50 % each year young pilot officer Peter Davey rose  rapidly through the ranks here is  fg off Peter Davey in 1943.



Peter was a skilled and cunning adversary. those that didn't develop essential skills very quickly didn't survive the early stages of this air war.
Now let me give you a question to ponder , do you think one of the few, a volunteer one of the few at that, who flew through that bloody maelstrom. a pilot with a full service pension along with his state pension would concern himself with lies and trickery at the end of his life ? your a poor judge of an RAF officer if you do!
Just for your interest here's my grandfather in uniform who was flying heavy bombers at the time. he also was also very lucky to survive that war. It also explains perhaps why I'm a little biased towards the RAF



I find it frustrating when clever skilled people of the caliber of Peter explain exactly how they developed a machine and lots of supposedly clever folks don't listen, don't study, don't pay attention and then go and do something else very different anyway , from what I saw in that era across the forums people might as well have knitted a sock puppet and expected it to boil water  ;D In fact think a certain "Serbian professor" did and then sold every one else the story. ;D ;D
Peter tells us he first developed his idea flying his spitfire, Peter tells us he discovered he could with careful adjustment find a speed where the cabin warmed up - a distinct advantage up there,its bloody cold .
Imagine now if you will a canopy thats a tad leaky and a fuselage with a few patched bullet holes, or if its easier a house with back and front door open, there is a vicious through draft.
If you happen to be thousands of feet up in the air plodding along at two or three hundred MPH its a cold unpleasant through draft.
You can't shut the front or back door in this case but what you can do is alter the wind speed. Just as Peter explained with regard to his saxophone there is a pressure difference  between the mouth piece and the horn. Understand that the same thing applies to his device and his spitfire - he tells you so !
Inside his spitfire he discovered he could carefully adjust the speed until he had created a standing wave of air. A standing wave in which he 'a solid lump' was in a nice warm wind free trough. The same applies to the trompe but of course reversed - maximum turbulance is wanted at the bottom of that hole! maximum air released
Peter then was considering air at either end and a solid in the center (himself) With the Trompe we consider a solid at either end (water) and air in the middle , hence I suggest to you one is the inverse of the other.
Both rely on this balance call it resonance if you wish however its absolutely nothing to do with 50Hz 60Hz or indeed any Hz at all Peter told you sound - a longtitudinal wave in this context .
I invite you to watch this clip I shot at the time, It is crude, and the camera none to clever . In fact its just a web cam turned at this dangerous abortion. It is simply two spoons very close together thrown into a jam jar of tap water and plugged into 240 volt mains . There is the refinement of an ammeter with a 10 amp FSD its not an action video It was never meant for broadcast but something very important is happening here which I totally missed. I guess so obsessed with overunity (which this certainly isn't) I wasn't paying attention.
Please watch the ammeter very carefully although I'm ashamed to say what I missed is so painfully obvious its hard to miss -- As this is connected to the grid, the mains voltage is very stable that being the case power input is directly proportional to current at all times .

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teAksvLyaJ0
 
Look at the variation !! particularly when boiling furiously the current and so power consumption drops away to almost nothing . This very importantly is a non ohmic circuit it fact its not really a circuit at all is it? Its a variable capacitor. oddly the significance of that didn't strike home.
Even at this early point surly you can see if you have a pot of furiously boiling water whilst using no power you could in theory wrap a pipe around it and feed say a radiator by indirect heating. For those who whine and bitch about COP>1 systems you couldn't get closer to one without it biting you on the arse! However -
Peter went a few steps further, the water was always boiling in Peters contraption regardless of its actual temperature.
just as the air is always cold in the trompe - again its the inverse you see ! tending to hot - not to cold
I hope you also noticed that where the spoons I threw into the jam jar were closest together (Just before the bowls) boiling was localized and instant its also very important to Peter Daveys plan as you'll see.
Peters Device was exactly as he described it to you, but no one paid the slightest attention . It was just the same as his spitfire and his saxophone.
a hole at either end and a controlled vacuum in the middle - exactly the inverse of 'The trompe'
please allow me to show you. here is Peters device. I've blown it up a little for you



Peter tried many times to get this patented I think we know on this forum that was never going to happen . Those who have had dealings with the patent system will know secrecy is all important. Peter already has a few patents to his name, he knew the procedure . appearing on national television with such a device was an act of desperation by a gallant and sick old man who's hope was to leave a legacy for his family. His son (also called Peter) is retired himself now anyway.
I'm almost loath to reveal the cunning that kept this man alive above London whilst dancing with Messerschmitt's the same cunning  that has hidden his device from so many 'clever'  people for so long, Anyway lets start.
The ball is made of stainless steel the two hemispheres are welded together so as to be 'air tight' Peter has painted the ball in an effort to disguise what he has done. (use iron or steel and it'll quickly blow up because of free ions transmitted to the water)
look long and hard at the bottom of Peters ball, do you see the slight rust mark on the cheap paint?
That is a hole, a very measured and precise hole into the ball . It is the canopy of the spitfire or the mouthpiece of the saxophone - Its where the water enters in a throttled controlled way. Its a specific size! It has a flow rate
Just as the trompe has a flow rate.
Do you see the little hat on top ? hidden under that hat are a few more little holes . holes to let the boiling water or steam out . the horn of his saxophone or his patched fuselage if you like.
I'm none to good at drawing and I'm ashamed to say when I was helping PJ kelly with a few odds and sods  he tried very hard to teach me paint - it was a miserable failure . anyway heres what I think your going to find inside the secret ball quickly scribbled for your enjoyment - Those plates are very close a matter of a mm or two. Young Peter records he once tried to re-heat some coffie with the contraption . I think you can imagine the result !



here's a random video off the net showing tap water and spacing of 3mm
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_iiWGel3q50
 
try to absorb my scribble  and we'll go through whats happening, then folks can pretend they cracked Peters  secret ball
all by themselves whilst I get shot at.  :'(
Watch again if you would please  Peters short clip and take special note of the hesitation as he first introduces the ball to the water, here it is for you again


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTV85J2QHj0


Its not old age its very intentional ! a little water enters the ball through the hole in the bottom - It boils instantly, just as you saw with the spoons I showed you !
Steam fills the ball that is what Peter is studying , It takes but a second and he sees a puff of steam rise from under the hat
in goes the ball.  That ball into cold water creates a vacuum. - naturally the inverse of the trompe again  which creates pressure!
here's an example of whats happening filmed for primary school children that being so I'm quietly confident  that one or two of the finest minds on our forum might also be able comprehend what is happening
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0TQxYemrgg

as this device just like the trompe depends on pressure (but of course the inverse) - that is negative pressure do you happen to recall what happens to the boiling point of water at low atmospheric pressure ? no? any one tried having a cup of tea up everest ? here's what happens --

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lyqFkFsH28

taken to a further extream


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5mkf066p-U


remember the spoons ? what do you think the effect of low pressure would have in that situation ? again let me show you with only a small battery applied to plates in  water inside  a jar thats been  evacuated

 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msr0TOHuAS8&index=7&list=UU-6Xkt8OXH0ThIeetHov04A


Do you remember I showed you water boiling furiously betwixt two spoons whilst drawing a feeble ammount of power?
The commentators didn't lie , neither did Peter the water is boiling instantly just as the clip shows.
Heres a graph vacuum to water boiling point point which might help you see the curve peter tried to follow

https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/water-evacuation-pressure-temperature-d_1686.html
 
so none ohmic and this certainly isn't a straight line graph is it ? time for maxima and minima and a bit of double differentiation I guess -- anyone remember how to do all that stuff ? :-[
Peter's contraption  of course sailed alongside that curve although I dare say as a fighter pilot Peter Davey didn't sail much at all! however history records he and his spitfire were heavily involved in air sea rescue towards the end of the war. very good eyesight it seems.
now you have all the pieces - keep the water boiling and you use no power or at least very little.
This Witts thing might also appeal to you it seems like the same patter to me.
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZoiY3FvxKo
 
The opposite action of a trompe I think you'll agree?  Kindest regards Duncan
« Last Edit: 2018-02-01, 20:58:55 by Duncan »


---------------------------
How many more to be .threatened, abused murdered, Their research in the hands of evil corporations intent on total control ?
http://dnp.s3.amazonaws.com/b/b9/suppressed.pdf
whilst we know little .. friends remember,
In the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
D. Erasmus
   

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Gentlemen.

I wasn’t disputing the fact that the Trompe system didn’t work just the fact that if input and output pipes aren’t at a height difference nothing’s going to happen.

I went back to the pictures that both Smudge and Duncan had posted, look closely, there IS a difference in height. It WILL work!

With Duncan’s proposed 60 metres deep hole a pressure of 85 PSI should be achievable if my understanding is correct. The volume proportional to the amount of air that can be carried down.

I was thinking about setting up a quick demonstration, but let’s be honest here most of us older folks know how a
“ water level “ works, don’t we?  ;)

As for efficiencies? Well what the hey, a “ hydraulic ram “ wastes most of the water that passes through it but if the supply is plentiful, it doesn’t really matter, does it?

Cheers Graham.


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Great stuff grum ! there is a height difference shown but I think you'll find none essentual - ah but we'll see.  ;) I dont mind being wrong , the guy who never made a fuck up never made anything. I'm delighted your going to try and put something together I dont have much in the way of pipes l quite apart from the fact I've twisted the sciatic nerve all I can do is hobble about  :-\ which Is also why I've written that long post -- beds out of the question
Kindest regards Duncan


---------------------------
How many more to be .threatened, abused murdered, Their research in the hands of evil corporations intent on total control ?
http://dnp.s3.amazonaws.com/b/b9/suppressed.pdf
whilst we know little .. friends remember,
In the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
D. Erasmus
   

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Very interesting Duncan, Thanks for the write up. ;)
   
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random thoughts and perhaps possibilities on water entrainment. (or why does my back hurt so bloody much in the middle of the night)
fluid mechanics or pneumatics  for that matter are not area's I have studied much.
 That might be a good thing if I strike the right path but there's a distinct possibility you might be about to read a page or two of do'dos -- some members have observed I'm very good at that too!
Now I really don't want to piss Grumage off , hells bells he's going to build something whilst I can't even walk! Still there could well be useful mileage in pursuing our differences, After all if what I'm seeing is wrong I might learn something or if what your seeing is out of kilter Grum we might fine tune a better machine.
I think we can all agree this is a compressor -- Its not a hydraulic jack or a water Ram or a Ram jet anymore than its a Herdwick Ram ! 'compressor'  'compressor'
It is a technology last used a hundred years ago which if you all and I really do mean all reading me here were critically and brutally honest know absolutely nothing about. I can write that with certainty because its been suppressed and  buried. What folks do and me too is look at the concept look at the pretty pictures and then try very hard to make it conform to something we do know. hence all the talk of FFFFFFing Rams and hydraulics .  Humor me for a while and let the Rams go and crop the grass somewhere far away. -- Very far away , Whilst we start to think in a different way.
writ large in front of you in great big letters dripping in Blood should be --
 THIS IS SUPRESSED TECHNOLOGY
how do you know that ? A professor who was there at the time all be it as a youngster has told you so.
I can't compete with the 'jet set' I don't have the money,but I reckon I can compete with the 'Ram set'  Fluid Pneumatics is a subject about which I know the square root of fuck all at the moment .
Here lies a big difference every one else knows the square root of fuck all too but at least I've admitted it to myself.
I am not prepared to confuse it with water levels Rams or pumps all for the convenience of convincing myself that I know about this ancient technology.
So I might take a wrong path thats far better odds than '  I have certainly taken the wrong path' which anything to do with hydraulic theory and rams almost certainly is. So I start

What do I know about 'entrainment' ? that's the term Charles Taylor used to describe the bubbles of air 'trapped' in the water rushing down the first pipe. since the whole object of the compressor is to get as much air down that hole and into the holding tank as possible it seems a good starting point. unsurprisingly I find hydraulics engineers don't like air entrainment in their systems and take serious steps to avoid it .. This is nothing to do with hydraulics and so apply negative logic to hydraulic solutions . we require as much entrainment as possible
http://www.hydraulicspneumatics.com/hydraulic-fluids/air-entrainment-how-it-happens-how-avoid-it
Not knowing this subject the terminology is not familiar , entrainment in water , entrapment in water, cavitation all seem interchangeable to me at the moment . What is pretty certain in my mind is that in this Technology there is COP>1 Thats why the filth suppress things . or didn't you suspect  that ?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pSJ1GcXCK8
So here we see 'water hammer' 'air locks' entrainment' 'entrapment' 'cavitation' whatever you want to call it demonstrating COP>1 measured by schools ,fire departments an invited engineer  et-al
years ago. much more energy out than goes in. would anyone care to explain the maths and physics of that to me ? Or can we accept that it is tied in some way to pockets (of something) trapped or created in the water.?
Thats what I intend to do for the moment in the absence of any greater wisdom. There are great advantages here especially for Grumage for instance who's intending a build .
we can easily separate the knowledge we do know from that which has been hidden .
As an example an underground tank of compressed air -- there's books and books computer programs and all the information you could ever want easily available . so apart from physical construction I suggest we waste no time on it. It hasn't been suppressed !
Like wise anything to do with Rams, hydraulics,water levels and all that tosh.  Which doesn't  mean 'I know it all' or that it isn't interesting simply that like compressed air the library's full of books and tables anything you might want to know is available It hasn't been suppressed! If any of this standard stuff needs to be engineered anyone of thousands of people could do it ergo It really isn't of interest to us I suggest we keep away from it until and if its required.
with the caveat  that we focus on bastardizing hydraulic principles for reasons I'll explain in a moment or two.
In short everything we do know or can find out PDQ exit stage left . IMHO we are far more interested in what has been suppressed and why than what is common knowledge - I wonder do you follow that logic ?
Let me turn the contrast up and get to priorities .

1/There is evidence already shown (Jim Griggs) that air in water leads to a COP>1 situation how, why, we don't know or need to know (just yet) but for the moment I'm happy to believe it does .
2/ There is evidence already shown by Peterae in his posted video that a machine who's basic working principle is to trap air in water is heavily suppressed

In this case whats suppressed and where along with our priorities and main ambition doesn't seem hard at all but perhaps thats just me. so let me simplify
To get as much air down this hole and into a chamber as possible trapped in water , using as little water and energy as possible.

here at last we start get to the crux of the matter, the bit no one wants to write about, the bit no one wants to expand on, Why ? because we know nothing about it and are frightened to look silly.
How do I know everyone (like me) knows nothing about it ? Its knowledge thats been suppressed - silly Billies Its been suppressed !  Which particular bit then vexed the filth and caused the knowledge to be erased along with the machines ? I ask the question because thats where we should be focusing all efforts and re-engineering far better than ever it was done hundreds of years ago.
Its pretty easy really, simply ask yourself honestly which part of this simple operation you know little or nothing about , The answers will all be the same --- getting air into and out of water. having said that I reckon compared to Jim Griggs and all those rotors we have a pretty easy ride.
getting the air out at first glance doesn't seem to difficult, turbulence seems to be one answer.

bastardizing hydraulic principles
whatever the hydraulic engineering dogma says about preventing entrained air we can do the opposite
.with gusto   
air entrained in water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVdUT-Zx-v8

I'm going to scratch around this peculiar subject  of entrainment now and try and find what pissed off and frightened the bad guys. I'm looking forward to it - Kindest regards Duncan



---------------------------
How many more to be .threatened, abused murdered, Their research in the hands of evil corporations intent on total control ?
http://dnp.s3.amazonaws.com/b/b9/suppressed.pdf
whilst we know little .. friends remember,
In the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
D. Erasmus
   

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Hi all

Now I have got some things nearly out of the way, I can give some input to what looks like a nice system of storing energy at very high (efficiency). Note the brackets, efficiency to what?  if the stream is for free the compressed air is for free (to make). I think the 80%+ is in relation to water turning a water wheel which runs a compressor from the same water source but not taking into consideration the compressor losses such as heat and friction etc.

Whatever of the above, the system is without a doubt, very attractive, and with modern day mechanics can be improved a huge amount.

The pressure limit is the height or "depth" of water above the  inicial store, or with using along with ram pump tech: the pressure I'm sure could be doubled but at the expense of a moving valve.

More to come, lunch beccons.

Regards

Mike 8)


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haha you beat me to it Mike!

I only just got back from work and i have a splitting headache so ill explain it all later if i can be bothered. I want to go and play toys with my children.

Its not a good idea Duncan to insult all the members here who can easily explain this simple system. Please stop projecting your ignorance onto us!

Now, it's my turn on the slide  :)


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Not " suppressed " just forgotten?

Picture taken from my late fathers Harmswoth encyclopaedia.

Cheers Graham.


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Not " suppressed " just forgotten?

Picture taken from my late fathers Harmswoth encyclopaedia.

Cheers Graham.

Hi Graham

Yes these things are conveniently forgotten or made to be not interesting, not so easy these days with internet, but still done.

We just need to resurrect it into an energy producer, even if it is only 1kw/hr.

If you have a stream which is always running, then you have a constant build up of pressure which you can transfer into an external tank. The primary tank which is buried does not have to be that big, it is just the cylinder for the water to press against the air collected there.

The bottom end design will be of great importance to extract the air before the water rises and exits.

The top end design will be needed to gain the maximum air into the water.

Regards

Mike 8)
« Last Edit: 2018-02-02, 16:48:07 by Centraflow »


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"All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed, second it is violently opposed, and third, it is accepted as self-evident."
Arthur Schopenhauer, Philosopher, 1788-1860

As a general rule, the most successful person in life is the person that has the best information.
   
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No Grum 'suppressed' please do watch the introduction video. The prof says quite clearly this subject was intentionally removed from library's - and I'd guess he'd know he's of an age to have probably been there.  That doesn't mean every scap of knowledge ceases to exist including its name or that there is no reference to be found . for instance you'll find lots of info regarding Tesla's work. but the detail and science is missing. Or wose still altered. Thats how I read the situation anyway.



---------------------------
How many more to be .threatened, abused murdered, Their research in the hands of evil corporations intent on total control ?
http://dnp.s3.amazonaws.com/b/b9/suppressed.pdf
whilst we know little .. friends remember,
In the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
D. Erasmus
   

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My dear Duncan.

I did watch the half hour video, I found it both informative and entertaining.

I also remember him talking about its use in mines. This technology was, as I see it in vogue before electricity became common. What better way to drive pneumatic drilling machines than with compressed air that cost nothing to produce?

Today is a different story, if I had a mountain stream 300 feet above me I wouldn't be entraining air with water I'd just drive a turbine direct coupled to an alternator.

I also watched the other videos where the application of the " ram effect " enhanced the air pressure, as Mike has pointed out the pressure is a direct result of the supply " head " under normal conditions.

Cheers Graham.


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 Dear Grum if you watched the video and suppression is your interest why have you changed subject ? watch specifically 23Min to 25 Min and note the professor confirmed the Library and knowledge base was intentionally destroyed. That is called suppression and should end the subject. However just for your information This was very typical of the huge Cartels who joined forces very early in the 20th century.
They removed and censured or altered patents, books and knowledge. bases they infiltrated centers of learning  and set or altered the curriculum to suit their own evil agenda.
It was done in a very snide way under the guise of philanthropy. It still cost many millions to suppress free energy and gain control of the education systems but it was done. It is still very effective today
 The main agent for this destruction in the UK particularly Higher education and the control of educational information and the school curriculum was Andrew Carnegie and the Carnegie foundation which in turn was  under the direction of and hand in glove with the Rockefeller foundation.
anything which you might know as 'over unity' was an absolute priority which is why people who study the likes of Tesla are prepared to pay huge amounts for the few bits of print that were not swept up in the many purges which went on year after year and still go on to this day.
If your really interested and have the time I suggest this documentary which will tell the tale pretty much, and amplify the reasons people have been dumbed right down who did it,and why. It is about energy as well of course. It is an award winning documentary and I urge you to watch the whole thing however if its only control of books and education you don't comprehend or believe pick it up at about 42 min
'a world in their image'
https://topdocumentaryfilms.com/big-oil-conquered-world/
My Interest is COP>1 machines which I suppose explains in a round about way why I'm a member of an over unity forum.
The removal of all books and useful material was typical for machines that were COP>1 That I assume is why the professor draws attention to the fact that the information was intentionally removed,and suppressed  like so much other work of the time.
It certainly doesn't mean or guarantee that this machine is a COP>1 device . However Its one of the markers , and a very important marker at that !
The more I read about 'entrainment' and find its a sympathetic resonance heterodyne function (which IMHO is another huge marker) The possibilities of this being a COP>1  device increase many fold. as each trompe machine returns all the water to virtually the same height it originates from I struggle to see how it can fail to be COP>1 just at the moment . The Prof notes the same thing Trompe,trompe ,Trompe or did you elect to miss that too? although the devils in the detail of 'virtually' I guess  ;)
of course I'm very interested! and as no part of it can ever be patented Its got to worth a punt !- its what the forums supposed to be about isn't it? and my research so far lights all the right lamps. squabbling over suppression is now finished as far as I'm concerned, If thats OK with you? I've got a lot to try and absorb which I don't really understand.   Kindest regards Duncan
« Last Edit: 2018-02-03, 03:20:11 by Duncan »


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The Trompe - An Almost Forgotten Air Compression System

http://tcpermaculture.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/the-trompe-almost-forgotten-air.html

Fluid dynamics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_dynamics

In physics and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids (liquids and gases). It has several subdisciplines, including aerodynamics (the study of air and other gases in motion) and hydrodynamics (the study of liquids in motion). Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, understanding nebulae in interstellar space and modelling fission weapon detonation.

Fluid dynamics offers a systematic structure—which underlies these practical disciplines—that embraces empirical and semi-empirical laws derived from flow measurement and used to solve practical problems. The solution to a fluid dynamics problem typically involves the calculation of various properties of the fluid, such as flow velocity, pressure, density, and temperature, as functions of space and time.

Before the twentieth century, hydrodynamics was synonymous with fluid dynamics. This is still reflected in names of some fluid dynamics topics, like magnetohydrodynamics and hydrodynamic stability, both of which can also be applied to gases.[1]

Mass flow rate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_flow_rate

In physics and engineering, mass flow rate is the mass of a substance which passes per unit of time. Its unit is kilogram per second in SI units, and slug per second or pound per second in US customary units. The common symbol is m ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {m}}} {\dot {m}} (ṁ, pronounced "m-dot"), although sometimes μ (Greek lowercase mu) is used.

Sometimes, mass flow rate is termed mass flux or mass current, see for example Fluid Mechanics, Schaum's et al.[1] In this article, the (more intuitive) definition is used.

Mass flow rate is defined by the limit:[2][3]

i.e. the flow of mass m through a surface per unit time t.

The overdot on the m is Newton's notation for a time derivative. Since mass is a scalar quantity, the mass flow rate (the time derivative of mass) is also a scalar quantity. The change in mass is the amount that flows after crossing the boundary for some time duration, not the initial amount of mass at the boundary minus the final amount at the boundary, since the change in mass flowing through the area would be zero for steady flow.

Mass Flow Rate

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/mflow.html

The conservation of mass is a fundamental concept of physics. Within some problem domain, the amount of mass remains constant --mass is neither created nor destroyed. The mass of any object is simply the volume that the object occupies times the density of the object. For a fluid (a liquid or a gas) the density, volume, and shape of the object can all change within the domain with time. And mass can move through the domain. On the figure, we show a flow of gas through a constricted tube. There is no accumulation or destruction of mass through the tube; the same amount of mass leaves the tube as enters the tube. At any plane perpendicular to the center line of the tube, the same amount of mass passes through. We call the amount of mass passing through a plane the mass flow rate. The conservation of mass (continuity) tells us that the mass flow rate through a tube is a constant. We can determine the value of the mass flow rate from the flow conditions.

If the fluid initially passes through an area A at velocity V, we can define a volume of mass to be swept out in some amount of time t. The volume v is:

v = A * V * t

A units check gives area x length/time x time = area x length = volume. The mass m contained in this volume is simply density r times the volume.

m = r * A * V * t

To determine the mass flow rate mdot, we divide the mass by the time. The resulting definition of mass flow rate is shown on the slide in red.

mdot = r * A * V

How do engineers use this knowledge of the mass flow rate? From Newton's Second Law of Motion, the aerodynamic forces on an aircraft (lift and drag) are directly related to the change in momentum of a gas with time. The momentum is defined to be the mass times the velocity, so we would expect the aerodynamic forces to depend on the mass flow rate past an object. The thrust produced by a propulsion system also depends on the change of momentum of a working gas. The thrust depends directly on the mass flow rate through the propulsion system. For flow in a tube, the mass flow rate is a constant. For a constant density flow, if we can determine (or set) the velocity at some known area, the equation tells us the value of velocity for any other area. If we desire a certain velocity, we know the area we have to provide to obtain that velocity. This information is used in the design of wind tunnels.

Considering the mass flow rate equation, it would appear that for a given area, we could make the mass flow rate as large as we want by setting the velocity very high. However, in real fluids, compressibility effects limit the speed at which a flow can be forced through a given area. If there is a slight constriction in the tube, as shown in the nozzle graphics, the Mach number of the flow through the constriction cannot be greater than one. This is commonly referred to as flow choking and the details of the physics are given on a page considering compressible mass flow rates.


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In the last post I put up some information for you to study. I included the NASA page on mass flow rate for aircraft because it has some useful information that is applicable and we are dealing with both a hydraulic and pneumatic system here. (Liquid and gas)

The first thing to understand is that without a pressure gradient the system will be stationary. In the case of the Trompe you must have a lower level on the water outlet than the water inlet. You can demonstrate this to yourself by filling a tube with water and attaching a flexible hose to the bottom. When you lift the water up to, or above the water level in the tube the flow stops.. when you lower it again the flow resumes and will peak at a certain mass flow rate set by the bore size of the tube. To increase flow rate beyond this, up to another limit, you must increase the pressure pushing on the water. The tube is currently at 1 atmosphere (atm) which is just under 15 psi at sea level.

Mass flow of a liquid will exert a force on an object, in our case we are discussing an air bubble. In a static system it is easy to understand that an air bubble at the bottom of a volume of water will ascend because it is a volume of space that is less dense than the liquid medium it is submerged in. In the case of the Trompe the mass flow of the water in a downwards direction has enough force to descend the entrained air bubble because the buoyancy force acting on the bubble is equal to the volume of liquid water displaced by the bubble. Put simply, the force on the bubble pushing it down is greater than the buoyancy force trying to raise it up, the net result is that counter intuitively the bubble descends. As the bubble descends it experiences an increase of external pressure from the weight of the water column above it, and because the air bubble is a gas it is compressible, and so the water bubbles volume will decrease. This decrease in volume results in a smaller bouyancy force acting on the bubble, because it is displacing less liquid, and will offset any force losses caused by reduction in mass flow due to friction and turbulence. The net result is that a highly buoyant air bubble can be drawn down to a high pressure liquid depth. You can control the size of the air bubble by the size of the hole the air is allowed to pass through, you could also use radial porting in the tube to do the same thing.

The maximum pressure that the air can be compressed to is set by the height of the outlet water pipe. This is because the weight of water in the outlet column provides the back pressure to the system. When you consider that all the air in the outlet pipe has been removed and the volume is purely heavy dense water it can have an equal weight to a taller (but same diameter) inlet tube because of the volume of air that is trapped in the inlet pipe. The weight of the fluid in both pipes can be equal even though they contain different volumes of fluid (air + water in the inlet, water only in the outlet).

The long horizontal pipe is necessary because the mass flow has been turned through 90 degrees and the air bubbles are now being pushed with the same force on their side, and not down from above. This allows the bubbles natural buoyancy to take over and the bubbles will ascend into the air channel. The mass flow force is no longer in opposition to the buoyancy force, but at 90 degrees. The bubbles entrained at the lowest point of the horizontal tube will obviously take the longest to ascend to the air chamber.

The interesting thing about the Trompe system is that it can be daisy chained. The water outlet is only a relatively small height below the water inlet, and so a second Trompe can be run off the first with a resultant reduction in maximum air pressure possible due to the reduced starting head, compared to the first Trompe. A 1 meter change would equal roughly a 1.5 psi loss in air pressure on system 2.

If you have a high head of water to start with, like a waterfall plunging off a cliff then you could very easily set up an air compression facility with a large capacity by daisy chaining.. but I wouldn't want to dig this underground considering the depth required for a decent output air pressure, and the requirement for maintenance.. not to mention a decently long horizontal chamber to allow the air time to separate.

A Trompe system is always going to be COP<1 (less than 1) because you are not using the water energy at all, it is just an energy carrier in this scenario (transports the air). The air compressor is the only energy output utilised and that will be COP<1 due to losses. It cannot be overunity, because that is impossible, and it's a common myth that survives because people fail to define things correctly. My membership at OUR is probably the greatest irony of my life considering I do not believe it is achievable!

 ;D

http://www.overunityresearch.com/index.php?topic=2288.msg55117#msg55117

Mythbuster 2004 Ping Pong Salvage

https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=mythbusters+raise+boat

51% efficiency for ping pong balls, monocoque solid spheres filled with gas air internally..


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Thank you for the links evolvingape very nice to be reading you again luckily I had already read some of them But still there's more here!
I was aware that a difference in level is required but its variable and relative as far as I can make out, in other words  Its engineer able a variable.  I hope we can test its boundaries and use to advantage .
Let me first go into this COP>1 thing it seems to get people quite bent out of shape for some reason I don't understandand as for not believing such a thing exists that seems to be lunacy to me.
Of course as always I can be very wrong but as I read things a water wheel for instance despite being very inefficient  has a COP  approaching infinity.
If you are telling me however  nothing is over unity then I am forced very reluctantly to agree with you. Regarding this machine Its why I've used the term 'virtually' the same height , and almost the same height in the post previous to that.
what external (paid for) energy are you providing a trompe machine ?  None ! ergo its already a COP>1 machine regardless.
over unity o'la la  well thats a boundary we can all test together if we can get synchronized or rather entrained together here.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRWzhQbgBew
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5OBHiyJWrA
The air bubbles and their relationship to water velocity I had already gathered in a general sort of way this 30 seconds of video helped
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVdUT-Zx-v8
you have amplified it for me. The fact that water is only the carrier of the real energy source I wrote over and over again but still folks are thinking in terms of fluid.
for the moment I am trying to focus on the intake and its sympathetic frequencies .
I understand that Charles Taylor used a funnel shape from the  top to bottom of his feeder pipe to achieve the effect . (Peter Davey used a ball for the converse effect)
Thus as I have understood it (in rough terms you understand) the water velocity increases in relationship to depth (drop) which in turn is proportionate to the desire of the air bubble(s) to rise.
All this is going to be very inconvenient to a home experimenter . every man and his dog (including me) is going to want to use straight pipes and will do so regardless . which rather defeats the object
This is really a heterodyne isn't it ? of water and air much like our planet and the same as Davey's thing.
Get the proportions (frequencies) of air and water  correct at all points in time relative to space available and you could ( in the perfect and imaginary world) transport all the air down that hole for no expenditure of energy of any sort .
I know someone not a million miles away who fractured water with frequencies just like that, I wouldn't be at all surprised if the same relationship doesn't shake out here somewhere down the line either.
Charles Claimed 86 % efficiency for his trompe . I wonder if we can we better that in the modern era ?
Kindest regards Duncan
 
« Last Edit: 2018-02-03, 08:51:14 by Duncan »


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A windmill does not have any user energy input into it, does it ? And it is not COP>1, is it ? COP>1 is a term that mainly deals with thermal effects, isn't it? When multiple different systems are integrated into one output the efficiency of each individual system is multiplied together, isn't it? This drops the overall COP even lower, doesn't it? A number less than one (0.7) multiplied by a number less than one (0.7) = 0.7 x 0.7 = 0.49, doesn't it?

Coefficient of performance


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_performance

The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work required.[1][2] Higher COPs equate to lower operating costs. The COP usually exceeds 1, especially in heat pumps, because, instead of just converting work to heat (which, if 100% efficient, would be a COP_hp of 1), it pumps additional heat from a heat source to where the heat is required. For complete systems, COP calculations should include energy consumption of all power consuming auxiliaries. COP is highly dependent on operating conditions, especially absolute temperature and relative temperature between sink and system, and is often graphed or averaged against expected conditions.[3]

Betz's law

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betz%27s_law

Betz's law indicates the maximum power that can be extracted from the wind, independent of the design of a wind turbine in open flow. It was published in 1919, by the German physicist Albert Betz.[1] The law is derived from the principles of conservation of mass and momentum of the air stream flowing through an idealized "actuator disk" that extracts energy from the wind stream. According to Betz's law, no turbine can capture more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy in wind. The factor 16/27 (0.593) is known as Betz's coefficient. Practical utility-scale wind turbines achieve at peak 75% to 80% of the Betz limit.[2][3]

The Betz limit is based on an open disk actuator. If a diffuser is used to collect additional wind flow and direct it through the turbine, more energy can be extracted, but the limit still applies to the cross-section of the entire structure.

Concepts

Betz's law applies to all Newtonian fluids, including wind. If all of the energy coming from wind movement through a turbine were extracted as useful energy, the wind speed afterwards would drop to zero. If the wind stopped moving at the exit of the turbine, then no more fresh wind could get in; it would be blocked. In order to keep the wind moving through the turbine, there has to be some wind movement, however small, on the other side with some wind speed greater than zero. Betz's law shows that as air flows through a certain area, and as wind speed slows from losing energy to extraction from a turbine, the airflow must distribute to a wider area. As a result, geometry limits any turbine efficiency to a maximum of 59.3%.


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in fact the drawing you post has the respective heights in feet at the ragged falls trompe site 251 and 298 feet respectively . since the volume of water in must equal the volume out (most of the time) and there is nothing else to consider as being efficient or other wise (any other input is free or ambient if you like) its effectively like the water wheel  with COP of infinity --  lets put those heights into the basic efficiency formula and see if it tallies with Charles Taylors very old  book which I quote and link to . 
efficiency = output/input x 100%  = 251/298 x100 = 85 % I guess he's allowed a tiny bit for the blow off but there's his figure many years later
There is a clip by Tom Bearden somewhere and the water wheel example is cited exactly as I portray. again he could be wrong just as I might and likewise Charles Taylor all those years ago but I doubt it. Kindest regards Duncan
« Last Edit: 2018-02-03, 11:29:36 by Duncan »


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A COP=0.85 is not COP>1 is it?

COP=Infinity is a nonsense term that simply means energy is coming from an external source that can be utilised at a constant rate, we call that the environment.

When a user inputs energy to a system it must couple with the environment in some way in order to achieve a COP>1 by definition. This can be done thermally, example the heat pump!

You are confusing environmental energy input with the efficiency that the machine or process you are using can do work with that energy.

The issues have been conflated to cause confusion deliberately and is mainly done by the open source energy research community regarding COP=Infinity. The reason they do this is because their "overunity" machines are no such thing and their machines don't work as advertised.. and their theory is a load of cr@p! This does not fit their business model and makes it hard to extract $ from fools.. hence the nonsense term: COP=Infinity

efficiency = output/input x 100%  = 251/298 x100 = 85 % I guess he's allowed a tiny bit for the blow off but there's his figure many years later

251/298x100=84.2%

298/351x100=84.9%

and that is only the gravitational potential energy ratio of the outlet pipe to the inlet pipe, it does not account for energy flow losses!


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Buy me a cigar
Thanks Rob.    O0

The Trompe, an ancient device built to harvest environmental energy.

Thanks to Peter another almost forgotten technology has been highlighted and added to my own cerebral “ database “!

 O0


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Just quoting the Bearden  fellow, and the conventions he presented in his lectures regarding free energy research .
I hadn't heard of the term COP at all before that. the ambiance, the environment, The surroundings take your pick .' a rose is a rose by any other name'  as far as I'm concerned.
It strikes me  the machine, any machine whatever it is, has to engage with the environment.
I don't know which machines worked and which didn't from that stable, I certainly did see some things that were unexplainable, (at least to me) whilst experimenting and trying to replicate some of the material presented . I don't like to think old Tom was telling lies and teaching crap purely for profit he didn't strike me as that sort of guy at all. Although I confess there is something of a 'free energy circus' about this hobby we share.
As for the efficiency quoted I simply rounded up -- Its only ball park anyway as I explained who knows how often the blow operates or how much energy it expends, It certainly looks impressive! might even be an ice cannon ball or two shooting out of there for all I know.


with out being there to measure and time its obviously to some extent 'conjecture' - Ball park figures I know and explained ,but close enough I surmise. how else or where else do you think  Charles Taylor could possibly get these matching efficency figures from ? There's no other input other than the 'enviroment' wheres he going to measure that ? The clouds 1200 ft up is a good a place to start as any . It strikes me as an 'open system' just as Tom describes, or isn't it ?
So if it makes things a little more palatable, although I personally think this is a  machine with a COP of infinity as Tom describes then let us for the sake of argument call it a 'free energy device' - ergo it runs with no other input other than it takes freely from the environment. nothing to pay the utilities, no electric bill.
perhaps it is lies I have been taught . I'll reserve judgment meanwhile - free energy will do. My kindest regards Duncan
PS loved the ping pong ball thing
« Last Edit: 2018-02-05, 09:42:37 by Duncan »


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 For your consideration the Victoria mine - Charles Taylor compressor
http://www.coppercountryexplorer.com/2011/07/the-taylor-compressor/
 


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The Taylor Compressor

http://www.coppercountryexplorer.com/2011/07/the-taylor-compressor/

The Victoria Mine’s geographical isolation caused a great deal of original thinking when it came to how the mine would be powered. With no rail lines and only a narrow bridge and rugged road connecting the mine to the rest of the world, the usual ways of powering a mine could not work – namely the use of coal. In the beginning the early mine utilized wood, a costly and limited resource that was quickly used up. When Captain Hooper looked to re-open the mine several decades later, he knew that a much more efficient and convenient power source had to be found. Luckily for Mr. Hooper, the Victoria possessed a incredible asset just under a mile down the hill in the form of the West Branch of the Ontonagon River and its precipitous 72 foot drop over Glenn Falls. Hooper understood the importance of this resource, and built a dam (known as Hooper’s Dam) just upstream from those falls in 1902. But the dam’s purpose would not be for the usual applications, as the structure would not be used to create mechanical nor electrical power. Instead it would be used to create air power, through the use of a novel and ingenious device known as a hydraulic compressor.

While most compressors utilize mechanical energy supplied by either an electric motor or steam engine to compress air, a hydraulic compressor relies solely on the energy inherent in falling water. It is a machine that uses no moving parts, does not require any fuel to operate, and is completely self perpetuating as long as there’s an adequate supply of water. Best yet, the hydraulic compressor at Victoria was able to supply enough compressed air to run the entire operation, including the hoists, rock crushers, drills, and even the mine’s short line railroad. It was an incredible machine, one pioneered by a Canadian by the name of Charles Taylor. Before Victoria, Taylor had built an identical contraption at Ragged Chute Ontario, to provide power to neighboring mines there as well. Hooper had discovered Taylor’s amazing compressor and decided it would be the perfect solution to Victoria’s power issues. The Victoria’s Taylor Compressor was completed in 1906 at a cost of over $440,000. It would power the Victoria mine for another 15 years, up until the mine’s closure in 1921.

Here’s a very rough (and not to scale by any means) drawing of what Victoria’s hydraulic compressor looked like. The majority of the compressor was located far underground, and was essentially a large cavern opened up to the outside world through both a vertical inlet shaft and an angled outlet shaft. Water was delivered to the inlet shaft by means of a narrow channel (A) fed with water from the nearby dam. At the end of that channel was a shallow fore bay, in which the compressor’s compliment of intake shafts were located. These shafts were each five feet in diameter and lined with concrete. Water from the fore bay would then cascade down these shafts (B) over 300 feet to an underground chamber – carrying with it a large amount of trapped air bubbles in the process.

The underground chamber – known as the air chamber – was a man-made cavern 281 feet long, 18 feet wide, and 20 feet high. Once the water reached the chamber (C) it could exit by means of a narrow outlet tunnel (E) at the chamber’s opposite end. There the water would make its way back to the surface (G) through a gradually inclined up flow shaft (F). As the water flowed through the cavern any air that had been trapped within it would escape, and rise up into the air chamber (D).

While any water entering the cavern could escape through the outlet tunnel (E), that air within the chamber (D) would be trapped by a rock wall at the chamber’s far end. Thanks to a steel bell at the base of the inlet shafts that air couldn’t head back up the way it had come either. It was trapped in the chamber. As more and more water flowed into the cavern, more and more trapped air bubbles would be released into that air chamber. Though the volume of air within the chamber would increase, the space in which it resided would not. This caused the air within the chamber to naturally compress, until it reached about 117 pounds per square inch.Once the air in the chamber reached the targeted PSI, it was released through a foot wide pipe which brought the air up to the surface and fed it to the neighboring mine and mill to power the facility’s machines.

https://www.facebook.com/oldvictoria/photos/a.346498532059306.74482.128182803890881/628286280547195/?type=3&theater


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342 - 72 = 270

270 / 342 = 0.789

Again we are looking at about a 15 to 20 % drop in head height from inlet to outlet as designed.. big hint for small scale systems requiring a lower volume of compressed air output ;)

http://www.mydatabook.org/fluid-mechanics/pumps/head-to-pressure-converter/

270 feet head = 117.18 psi

 O0


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so the usual quarreling and goading, to be expected I suppose . quote a professor regarding suppression in a video and be forced to go back over it and nail it down hard because another  reader refuses to pay attention.
Likewise COP is the convention I've been taught is it wrong ?
are these top flight guy's with degree's daring to teach basics wrong?
So to continue the train of thought from before I was interrupted with all the usual, in fact almost demanded, and certainly expected bollix that I'm invariably goaded into detailing to wit - whats COP, where's the suppression , name an example of COP >1, name that some one who claims COP >1 on this forum . et -al
having dealt with each in turn, (even if I was very quickly contacted  and had to remove posts) Perhaps I'll be allowed to continue my progress ?? into a subject I know little about with the probably forlorn hope that some here trained in the art might try and assist the train of thought instead of disrupting. misdirecting irritating and goading.
Perhaps the basics as taught by Tom Bearden are lies and crap as evolvingape writes Its what I was taught and it makes sense to me. if anyone thinks its crap too then we'll work around it .
Sure you can go and build a little model and probably enjoy doing it . It might be 86 % efficient as Taylor claims his examples to be. (for reasons we've already squabbled over) . If you want to take that as head of water be my guest. How ever I'll continue to use the terminology of all the researchers I know, so if your at variance (like Bob) simply take it into account.
This is already a free energy machine   in this definition  'as is' the  presentation by Charles Taylor I agree with him and despite being a hundred or so years apart the numbers still say    efficiency is  circa 86 % that is pretty obviously related  the input and output and so height difference as I have already been at pains to pointed out.
This machine has been suppressed  if for no other reason than that we should be giving it a great deal of attention.
That attention IMHO should be directed at moving the efficiency up into the high 90s percentile . I'm more than happy to accept over 100 % isn't possible , and over unity doesn't exist,and no body knows what COP is and so on and so forth and uncle tom cobbley an all -and all that bloody tosh -  so to be clear -- to make this already very efficient machine which runs freely from the ambient surroundings very much more efficient is the ambition. Can we at least agree on that?
Its just my thinking but transport of air down that hole needs our considered attention. Peterae suggested different fluids or gases I'm hoping water and air can be vastly improved . from not knowing this was possible at all, Its quickly turning into a complex subject all by itself including the two phase mixing hetrodyne as I suspected and  mentioned earlier.
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhVxqDg_fk   

At first glance the Taylor slug would be the desired system for injecting maximum air for water and hence effort/efficiency down a shaft .
If thats used it makes sense I guess to use a cone as Charles Taylor did in an attempt to hold the ratio of air and water volume constant using velocity to hold the status quo as the pressure changes. does that sound right to anyone?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTFylkr018U


I'm guessing  our paramount need is maximum air minimum water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfUt8yqNpWw

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Flow-regimes-in-vertical-pipes-used-in-TRACE-code_282611544
there seems a lot to it unless anyone knows a handy short cut -- I go back to a couple of thesis's on the subject I'm trying to understand. I have a bit of a problenm in that I see water moving as a vortex and these guys portray in straight lines. ah well its my fate to be always out of step I guess
kind regards Duncan
 
 
« Last Edit: 2018-02-04, 16:15:22 by Duncan »


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How many more to be .threatened, abused murdered, Their research in the hands of evil corporations intent on total control ?
http://dnp.s3.amazonaws.com/b/b9/suppressed.pdf
whilst we know little .. friends remember,
In the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
D. Erasmus
   
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