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Author Topic: LED indoor plant growing project  (Read 35131 times)
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I've just uploaded a video to YouTube about this project and welcome any feedback, questions or whatnot.
The system is powered by a regular phone charger - USB - 5V @ 500mA - 2.5W
Until viewing other similar projects, I had no idea that 150W is often a usual figure for power consumption and so do hope that my version is of help to people who wonder about such a project, wanting to do it cheaply.


Here's the info included in the description of the video -
An LED lighting and growing project, intended to use a readily available low power source - 5V at no more than 500mA - a USB phone charger.

Seeds from the original Habanero pepper plants grew well last summer and, with Winter looming, I decided to try and keep them going.
2 were left outside, but after covering them when the Polar Vortex came through (here in Oklahoma) and finding they were fine, decided to bring those in as well.
Whether the self designed 27MHz watering system aided their hardiness is unknown, all I do know is that the old pillow in front of them fell over at some point in the night !

The light bars consist of 2 rows of superbright LEDs.
8 x 1W white
8 x red
4x blue
A variable resistor was used to limit current to the reds and when the whites and blues came on, that value was used for a fixed resistor in place of the variable one.
Another small ohm resistor limits the blues too.
That's it, nothing fancy really and it's worked great !
Not only has it kept them going, but they've shed shaded leaves and grown new leaves as they've moved toward the light source.
Seeds from a lemon and an orange are now growing well too.

Lighting can be 12hr on/12hr off, or 24/7 switched on.
Apparently when left on all the time it promotes growth, when cycled it promotes budding and pepper growth.
Watering is twice a week, with a spray bottle also used daily.
There are no weeds at all, but again it's unknown whether the 27MHz system has factored.
A couple of green unripe peppers were brought in from the original plants and they ripened up under the LED's !

No fungicides. herbicides or any other chemical has ever been used in my own gardening.
The water used is rainwater, collected in 1 gallon jugs.

Not bad at all for 2.5W or less being used.

[youtube]NKEvE5U8Acs[/youtube]



 


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I absolutely love this...and would also like to hear AC's take on these results... 2.5 watts makes a plant thrive??

great stuff.
   
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And, unexpectedly trees grow  ;D
The lemon and orange trees have shot up in the past week, took about 18 days to germinate. Makes me laugh to see the taller one in the middle, it bends forward and backward as it grows, probably looking for the sun !
Those will stay indoors, says the wife. Will probably make a solar recharging Li-Ion set up for those.

It all came from seeing some guy on YouTube with a plant pot and an array of LED's. It ran from a car battery and it just looked like a ton of LEDs as a sort of canopy, held up with wire. What got me, was that people were using 40x 3W LED and such, it seemed a bit much and probably costly in several areas.
I had no idea what would be needed so winged it on reduced power.


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Thanks Vladimir :)
I'll do a full explanation post here with details - sorry about the length !

Indeed, it was the awareness of all the chemicals in food that got me started about 4 years ago. The idea, at first, was just to see if anything could grow in the soil here in Oklahoma and produce produce, as it were. It's a sludgy clay soil from about 2ft down and i've still not much idea about its nutrient contents. One thing though, we don't clear the leaves from the back garden and have 2 large mature trees covering most of the area, that may well be helping the soil each year. One is a Pecan, the other is an American Elm...and if you know about the history of Elms being nearly wiped out in the 1970's/80's then you'll see why I said to my wife that we should put it on Ebay  :D

Last year saw the introduction of a 27MHz circuit, based on research from an Irish University. In my opinion it works great, resulting somehow in a 95% reduction in weeds, fuller leaf growth, next to zero pest problems and more fruit. I put the aerial from the end into the rainwater for 15 seconds and then water the plants. A radio control from a toy car etc will work, but I did develop a decent circuit for it.
Last years habanero's were ridiculous lol, ended up giving quite a few dozen away and there were 200 peppers still on the plants when winter set in. Baseball/cricket ball sized tomatoes have also grown, from original seeds that produced regular tomatoes the first year (have got pics of all this if anyone doubts). I haven't used it over the past 2 months on the indoors ones..but think I might see what happens in the next 2 weeks as a test. Might go well, might not, the real sun might be needed if it's about charged ions.
The whole idea has simply been to keep them alive over winter, so why not let them be tested furthered *evil laugh*.

One thing I now know from viewing videos last night, is that my peppers are growing a bit lanky. It happens when the plants are looking for good light.  
Tips would be to plant the same height of plants, make the led bar adjustable to suit growth height and oddballs should go in their own growers. Peppers leaves droop below 50F/10C, the room should always be well above that temperature, which is why these are in the bedroom (only heated room in the house).
 
This method is ideal for small spaces, in my opinion.
The next project is to be 2x ice cube trays with LED bar above each, for seedlings. Either USB or Li-Ion battery powered, the system will use solar to run/recharge. 1 will have an oscillator circuit running the LED bar (perhaps at 27MHz), the other will be the control with no circuit.

On to this circuit - which doesn't need a diagram in my opinion.
It's very simple, being LEDs in parallel.
A typical USB phone charger will be 5V - 5.5V at up to 1A.
I purposely am under-driving the 1W whites, to extend their life, reduce power needs and to make the circuit as simple/reliable as possible.
Connect all LEDs in parallel in their own banks. So all reds together in a strip, all white and all blue.
Pick a nominal value of current limiting resistor of say 1K, to protect all LEDs.
Reds will steal the power because of their lower conduction threshold, so a variable resistor pot goes in series with them. Adjust it until the whites and blues come on brightly.
If the blues come on well but the whites are dim, do the same for the blues.
Replace both resistances with fixed resistors of the values found.
The whites will be bright, but not at full brightness...it's a built in easy way of current limiting for them. Do whites matter for plant growth ? I don't know, but the light is certainly more beneficial to the eye when checking on them and I personally highly doubt that 8x red and 4x blue are doing all the work. They are also regular normal nothing fancy ultrabright LEDs.
That's it :)
The reds resistor should be a 1W type or thereabouts, because it gets warm. That's why there is a piece of tin around the one shown in the video.


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ʎɐqǝ ɯoɹɟ tree ɐ ʎnq ɹǝʌǝu
Strangely, that reads perfectly fine haha

And I must say, goat eggs are delicious  O0


If laws aren't passing to label GMO products, why don't proud companies label their non GMO products ?
"To the best of our knowledge and best abilities to control ingredients - This product is GMO free"
Sales would adjust in the very same way and GMO labeling wouldn't be needed.

Looking forward to the build.
If you have a R/C transmitter you could build 2 setups, keep them 4ft/1 meter apart (at least) and then you'd have a control to test against. I recommend fresh rain water for indoor watering...city water is another problem these days !
The schematic for the 27MHz circuit is below. It's based on another found online for low harmonic distortions and cleaner signal.


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Goat eggs and transmitting Air Hogs..... :o

what have I been missing.... :D

count me in too   O0

Chet
   
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Haha. Hey, quick reading there, I removed the AirHogs bit when I posted the schematic just now as an edit. But suffice to say, an AirHogs 2 channel aircraft transmitter seemed to work well.

Am going to start building the ice cube tray things a.s.a.p.
We have some cold weather at the moment and it's limited anything on any project.


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Ah gotcha about the spraying and I take it we're not talking about crop dusting.
Is the water table deep there ? that's one idea, well water.
Or, see into whether your local area includes fluoridation of the water supply. Ours does and it cracked/holed my teeth.
I don't actually know where you are lol..you write great English, have a Russian first name and enjoy the Caribbean !
The preference of rain water is merely to be natural, with no artificial ingredients added.

Got to like this from Wikipedia on the plant
"Moringa oleifera is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Moringa, which is the only genus in the family Moringaceae"
Well, duh ! ;D
Triangular seed pods, that's cool in and of itself.
Hey look at this though, for a mega conundrum with the water situation:
"Moringa seed cake, obtained as a byproduct of pressing seeds to obtain oil, is used to filter water using flocculation to produce potable water for animal or human consumption"



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Interesting thread guy's!

http://www.truliteled.com/review-225-led-grow-light-panels-worth/

Some of the issues encountered with LED grow systems are covered here.


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Everyman Standing Order 01: In the Face of Tyranny; Everybody Stands, Nobody Runs.
Everyman Standing Order 02: Everyman is Responsible for Energy and Security.
Everyman Standing Order 03: Everyman knows Timing is Critical in any Movement.
   
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@Rob - Will take a look !
I've learned so much in the past couple of days and welcome further reading  O0
It's still eyebrow raising with the wattage figures. There's no way i'd have had a go if sticking to the crazy prices and wattage recommendations.

@Vladimir - Thanks for the back story. I would say you could consider yourself a world person. No hang ups on patriotic expectations, the product of a melting pot of influences. It must give a broader view of a lot of life situations.


Attached is a circuit diagram, Chet was also asking about the exact method of connecting.
The resistor values are those found to brighten the whites and blues on my set up with the LEDs I have here, while limiting the reds to do so.
R1 is the basic current limiter for all. It should be a 1W type as it will get warm.
R2 is the red limiter, because otherwise they will steal all the juice from the other LEDs.    
The 1W whites are running at what is guessed to be 80% brightness. It will extend the life of them, but also likely alters the colour temperature. Talking of temperature, no heatsinks are required for the 1W LEDs.




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Oh haha, seems you know me well.
Yes, indeed, the DMC-12 would be my 'affordable' classic of choice. It would be converted to electric and gain whatever the heck it is that Tesla Motors have just put into their Model S...the P85D version now has 'Insane Mode' !!!! 0-60MPH in 3.2 seconds.

Am in Oklahoma, Tulsa area. We moved here from Minnesota in 2008, myself having moved to the USA in 2007, when Julie and I wed :)


I've changed the configuration of the LED's. Much more logical now, having the small bar at the front and bigger one at the back. It better matches the plant heights and the little trees in the middle now have more light. Some LED's have been arranged to put light more evenly across the plants (by bending the legs).
I was going to start daily spraying, using the 27MHZ, but am going to wait for 2 weeks to see how they do with this change first.



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Everyman Standing Order 01: In the Face of Tyranny; Everybody Stands, Nobody Runs.
Everyman Standing Order 02: Everyman is Responsible for Energy and Security.
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Great links  O0
Did indeed laugh at the headlight stealing...some peoples kids eh.
Enjoyed the research articles. What was especially interesting was the inclusion of green, which i'd been lead to believe was no good at all for growing. One thing with these pepper plants, is that leaves that are covered by others above will brown and drop off, causing lankiness. Green, they say, penetrates a canopy or leaves the best...so it gave me an idea.
With 'bog standard' blues and reds doing a fine job here and being way under 1W types, why not use RGB LEDs ?
White was also mentioned as beneficial when 'cool white', which is perhaps how mine are running, being only 80% or so bright.

Here's an idea, to make a bank of the RGB type, out of those NeoPixel ones from Adafruit.
http://www.adafruit.com/product/1138
60 LEDs on a strip for $24.95. Those things are intriguing for so many projects and i'm certainly going to look into them.
They have an onboard chip on each LED, such that a microcontroller (Arduino, PIC, Raspberry Pi) can make any LED in the strip have its own colour !
If a plant is losing lower leaves, turn up the green right above it, if flowering is to be increased have them turn on and off with a simple timer routine. Lights could also be cycled in colour every few hours, red to white to blue to green. Or say 21hrs red with an hour each of the others. 
After a trial run it seems like it would make an excellent Kickstarter/Indiegogo idea to me :)
'ima do it', as they say.

@Vladimir - Yep, dip the aerial in the water for 15 seconds, charge the water and spray.
Nearly all DeLoreans are in good order nowadays, but there are still some basket cases ripe for powertrain replacement with electric drive. Affordable was meant in terms of sub $10K as a project vehicle and still out of possibilities, but an objective in life. Affordable in comparison to say a VW camper van here in the USA at 60-70K for a nice one !



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Ahhh the old Chevy Apache,  one of my favorites...
Had a few of those handsome beasts..they never let me down.

 O0




   
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Hey look what I found in my collection...
It's 10 years older, cos I collect vehicles from the year I was born, but would this be an Apache Chet ?
Just says Custom '69 Chevy PickUp and doesn't give the model.


Back to LED's and growing...i've properly inspected the browned parts of some leaves. It's highly focused on the leaf right above.
A natural way the plants readjust themselves and, instead of just going brown in that spot or area of a leaf, they shed the whole leaf and start again !
The green light is going to factor on future builds, perhaps on 20 AWG or similar bendy extension wires, such that they can be positioned for effectiveness. 




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OH I like that bendy wire idea,I could see this as a whole new way to
Plump up the middle of some of these plants,although might have to put a wee shade/reflector on the top of the middle grow bendy lights so as to not illuminate the undersides of the leafs above?

69 Apache ...? Not sure....although I do think you might be living in old Apache country??  :o
I must add there are fellows that love that body style truck ,and they are also worth some Mullah.

   
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@Chet - oh aye, this town was the end point for the 'Trail of Tears' !
The bendy wire idea will work much like a swan neck light. If a leaf is showing signs of needing a bump in light, the green will illuminate it. I have no idea if green going upwards or sideways would be a problem - but will find out in time :)

@Mr.C - it was mentioned in some reading that Rob posted earlier. Green apparently can penetrate foliage, but blue and red have difficulty. Hence, with any brown bits causing the plant to sack the whole leaf, green seems a good route.
If your plant has no overhangs of leaves that block light to others, then green wouldn't be needed at all.
It's all pointing to RGB individually controllable lights in my opinion, those NeoPixels. Will hopefully get some of those at the start of next month (have had car repair work bills this month already).


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Ordinarily, but think of a cactus or air plant and such.
Plants without traditional leaf growth and overhangs  ;)

I've started taking a pic per day of the plants, now that they have the lighting a bit different :)
The idea being to do a short video or perhaps animated GIF of the changes over the first 2 weeks. Such things should be beneficial for analysis later on. After 2 weeks, another 2 weeks with a couple of greens added on bendy wires.


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My daily harvest from the outdoor garden. I think it's a combo of the soil and dam water. I may try transplanting some tomato plants to pots to see if I can keep them through the winter using the LED method.

   
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Daily ??!!!  :o
Excellent !
Mind you, you're Australian, that could be from 84 Hectares and using a helicopter to get around hehe

Do you put any 'stuff' on the plants at all ?
You're certainly not making a basket case out of growing.

 O0



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Lol I've had to use dipel to kill cabbage moth larvae which is a bacteria approved for organic farming. I have an area of 10X7m for the veggie patch. I planted too many tomatoes this year (30 plants) and now I'm picking several kilo a day, which isn't hard when you get ones like this . Plenty of corn and pumpkins about to be harvested.
   
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Ooh nice :)
I tried corn last year. It grew to 'knee high by 4th of July' as they say and did so very well. Then stopped, shrank back on itself and they all died off !
Thing is, corn isn't corn anymore  C.C

One thing to note about the 27MHz system. It was claimed (by Limerick University) that as well as better plant growth and nearly zero weeding, that pest control is much improved.
We had some trouble when the original pepper plants were in the spare room over last winter. I made the mistake of opening the window in there, when the temps were a very reasonable 60F or so.
Spider mites got in ! which lead to some leaf loss. I used some washing up liquid in the water and the problem cleared up.
However, here's where it gets good.  
When I moved the plants outside, they were put right next door to some tomato seeds and the lot grew together during summer. By early October, the tomatoes developed an infection of spider mites...BUT...even though some leaves from the peppers were even touching leaves of the tomatoes, the peppers remained completely mite free !
I shouldn't say completely, there were wispy trails across from the tomatoes, yet nothing happened to the peppers. Not a single leaf gained that horrid under covering or anything.
It sounds stupid, but did the peppers develop an immunity ? and was there any link to the watering system ?
These indoor peppers are from those plants...I wonder what may happen outdoors from Spring.
If they get mited then fair enough, but I like keeping an open mind about the watering system.

Using it produced a few of these the year before and went onward from their seeds to supply more ! The packet they came from was expected to deliver average sized ones...so something good happened from somewhere.





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Was just looking over the plants and - we have another tree growing  :D
Julie says it's a lemon tree. She planted the row in the middle and says lemons were on the right, oranges on the left.

There's not much to him yet, so i've arrowed where to look :)



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Just a quick update.
The way the light bars are now arranged had lead to thoughts that the very rear 2 plants were light starved (in the cut ex milk container).
So i've introduced Sun movement lol
At night, the main bar is slid backwards to be more above those plants, returning more forward during the day.
The leaves on those 2 have perked up noticeably :)



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I'll have to arrange a spot to take pictures from lol. The picture per day idea is all over the place !

But here's a short 3 seconds per pic video of what's going on so far. The last pic is of 1 of the orange trees, which now is developing a nice 3rd leaf on the top.

[youtube]jybzY5o2m8c[/youtube]


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