I think we are missing some explanation, to say the least. Matt you are about right if the exhaust exit pressure is not taken into consideration on the second cylinder, this is where we are missing information!!! I am taking it that only even number cylinder engines can be used, 2,4,6,8 and @ 180 degrees, this was not explained very well in the pdf. I take it as this eg. in a 2 cylinder engine, one cylinder is in power stroke and the other in exhaust, energy will be used up in the power stroke to exhaust the other so is this a 1:1??? No it is not, why, because we use gas phase and ambient (or other) heat and create up to 5:1, we now have a X4 gain. When you look at say a fridge there are two pipes, flow and return. The flow pipe, thin pipe, is the liquid pipe, when the liquid passes into a higher volume area it changes phase to gas at that critical moment of volume change. The expansion is huge, far greater than the area it is expanding into, this is where we can take advantage of the phase change. This critical phase change moment is altered by heat, the liquid to gas phase change will cool but adding external heat at this point changes this volume relation of phase change, this is where we gain power. I hope I have explained this, not very easy thing to explain, if you have questions ask and I will try to answer. The important thing is even number cylinders, I think could be wrong on that but maybe the author can explain more, I see he is around here as a new member also reduces problems of pass by of rings regards Mike
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"All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed, second it is violently opposed, and third, it is accepted as self-evident." Arthur Schopenhauer, Philosopher, 1788-1860
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