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The theory behind Pulsed Flux Change Systems.
Let us examine the theory behind a normal transformer.
1. The EMF is a function of the rate of change of Flux multiplied by the number of turns of wire.
2. For the normal transformer, the rate of change of Flux at the Secondary is the same as that at the Primary.
3. Let us use the following notations:
a. Rp = Rate of Flux Change at the Primary
b. Vp = Voltage at the Primary
c. Np = Number of turns of the Primary Coil
d. Ip = Current at the Primary
e. Rs = Rate of Flux Change at the Secondary
f. Vs = Voltage at the Secondary
g. Ns = Number of turns of the Secondary Coil
h. Is = Current at the Secondary
4. We have the following relationships:
a. Rp = Rs ; The rate of change of flux is the same especially for sine wave AC
b. Vp = Np * Rp ; EMF is the product of number of turns time rate of flux change
c. Vp * Ip = Vs * Is ; Conservation of Energy
d. (Np * Rp) * Ip = (Ns * Rs) * Is
e. Np * Ip = Ns * Is ; Since Rp = Rs, they cancel out
f. Np/Ns = Is/Ip ; Relationship between current and number of turns.
g. Np/Ns = Vp/Vs ; Relationship between voltage and number of turns
h. Vp/Vs = Is/Ip ; Relationship between voltage and current.
i. From f, g, h, we have the normal understanding of the transformer. For Step-up (Voltage on Secondary greater than Primary), Ns must be greater than Np. The Secondary Current will then be less. If the voltage doubles, the current will be half.
5. When we have the pulsed DC transformer, we have different relationships.
a. Rp is not equal to Rs. Rs = A * Rp where A can be a large positive number. This is the spike produced by sudden change in voltage or current. The sudden change can be produced by spark gaps, Joule Thief type Switching, Reed Switches or even a diode connected in series with a square wave generator.
b. If Energy can be led-out or brought-in at some resonance conditions, equation 4e may be changed to
Ns * Is = B *Np * Ip where B can be a large positive number.
From 5, we get the following new relationships:
(1) Vs/Vp = A x Ip/Is
(2) Is/Ip = (A/B) x Np/Ns
(3) Vs/Vp = B x Ns/Np
If we examine (3), it says that Vs can be greater than Vp by B for the same number of turns (Ns=Np)!
If we examine (2), it says that the Secondary Current can be greater than or smaller than the Primary Current for the same number of turns (Ns-Np) depending on the ratio of A/B
The two above ifs have been observed in the experiments with FLEET using the oscilloscopes.
Thus, to conclude in words, we can use sharp DC Pulses to create high voltages. We can lead-out or bring-in energy at some resonance conditions. This is the theory behind DC Pulse and resonance systems. FLEET is an example. Other systems such as Steven Mark TPU, Don Smith and Tariel Kapanadze devices may be explained by the same theory.
God Bless
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